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• W305758076 abstract "ABSTRACT The worldwide importance of entrepreneurship for global economic development has led to a plethora of entrepreneurship education, but no consensus exists for the development of effective curricula. In response, this article uses a framework for the formation of entrepreneurial intentions as a foundation for a discussion of how entrepreneurship education could impact entrepreneurial activity. The most effective courses promote a positive attitude toward entrepreneurship, teach basic entrepreneurial skills, encourage individuals to take action, and are timed to coincide with life-changing events. In addition, curricula that encourage support from important others, and provide positive entrepreneurial experience may be most effective. INTRODUCTION Throughout the world, entrepreneurship is growing in importance as it stimulates global economic development. In the United States alone, it is estimated that entrepreneurial activity accounts for 51 percent of the private gross domestic product and produces 76 percent of all new jobs (Small Business Administration, 1999). The European Union has widely accepted the idea that its future prosperity is rooted in the creation of entrepreneurial ventures (Garavan & O'Cinneide, 1994). In fact, for most nations, entrepreneurship is the major catalyst for economic growth (Gorman, Hanlon, & King, 1997). Consequently, it is vital for economic growth to encourage individuals to pursue the creation of new ventures. Entrepreneurship education is one method that has been used to encourage entrepreneurial activity. There is growing evidence that education has at least a limited influence on new venture startups, new product development, and income generation (e.g., Business Wire, 2000; Gamier, Gasse, & Raynal, 1991; Gorman, Hanlon, & King, 1997). In response, there has been substantial growth in entrepreneurship courses and programs (e.g., Bhide, 2000; Robinson & Haynes, 1991; Solomon & Fernald, 1991). These courses and programs, however, have little consistency in their approach and effectiveness (Gorman, Hanlon, & King, 1997). Some scholars argue for curricula based on skill-building such as negotiation, creative thinking, and leadership (e.g., McMullan & Long, 1987) while others argue that the primary purpose of entrepreneurship education is to build awareness of entrepreneurship as a career choice (e.g., Hills, 1988). Ultimately the effectiveness of any course or program would be measured in large part by student performance and stakeholder satisfaction (Vesper & Gartner, 1997). At this time, however, there is no unifying consensus to guide course and program development, and the best approach remains unclear. Curricula designers have experimented with a variety of courses, course content, and programs with some successes and some failures (Gartner & Vesper, 1994). This paper attempts to help with this problem by providing an intentions based model that can be used to integrate the influence of entrepreneurship education and the individual entrepreneur's intention to start a new business. The purpose of this model is more than just to help develop new and innovative curricula because much of what is already being done is often very productive and should not be changed. This model will allow, however, the designer to evaluate courses and content more wisely so that it will have the most impact on entrepreneurial behavior. The model suggests effectiveness of courses and programs could be improved if the content could be designed to positively influence those personal and situational factors that lead the individual to entrepreneurial activity. THE INTEGRATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION Ultimately, new firms are formed by individuals who make the critical cognitive decision to perform the entrepreneurial activity necessary to create a new business (Carland & Carland, 2001). …" @default.
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• W305758076 date "2003-03-01" @default.
• W305758076 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W305758076 title "Considering an Individual's Entrepreneurial Intentions in the Design of Entrepreneurship Courses and Programs" @default.
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