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• W306681613 abstract "Blanche D'Alpuget's Winter in Jerusalem (1986), Monkeys in the Dark (1980) and Turtle Beach (1981), set in Israel, Indonesia and Malaysia, continue a preoccupation in Australian literature with exploring the Pacific, Aboriginal Australia, New Guinea, Asia, and the Middle East. It's as evident in `high' as in popular literature, from Louis Becke's stories of the Pacific in the 1890s to F. J. Thwaites' White Moonlight, the tale of a soldier of fortune in the Persian Gulf, and Christopher Koch's The Year of Living Dangerously, set in Indonesia just before the rise of the Soeharto regime, though if earlier fiction deployed the figure of sailor or soldier or adventurer as `social explorer', the contemporary equivalent will more likely be a journalist or writer. Here I will couple and consider together Winter in Jerusalem and D'Alpuget's biography of Hawke in a variety of contexts: Mikhail Bakhtin's notions of closed and open texts; the danger of biographers identifying too much with their subjects; Mr Hawke's wall-known interest in Israel and contemporary politics; and the possible effects of dualistic thought, particularly in terms of Orientalism and radical feminism. While the conjunction of these last two discourses may seem unlikely, both turn on oppositions of the One and the Other. In his Orientalism, Edward Said defines the phenomenon as the ways by which Europeans `produce' the Orient (for our purposes, a crescent curving from the Middle East to South-East Asia); produce it economically, politically, psychologically, and imaginatively. Those from the Orient and Occident are constructed as on either side of an absolute ontological divide, different in their very being: in some ways like the gulf between males and females in radical feminism.Biography of a Pro-Zionist, Or a Pro-Zionist Biography?Say we hung out against a key tenet of modern criticism, that the relationship between authors and their texts is problematic, and that we still stubbornly felt that texts do directly express the opinions and beliefs of their authors, then we would have to expect an admiring biographer of Bob Hawke would turn in a novel located in the Middle East that was straightforwardly pro-Zionist. Mr Hawke himself is certainly straightforward in this sense, indeed as straightforward as Leon Uris' Exodus, a novel which I have analysed elsewhere as being written in the late fifties to a Western audience readily receptive to the notion that Arabs are different and lesser beings and deserved to lose Palestine to a superior Zionist/European cause.(3) In her Foreword, D'Alpuget says that a contemporary biography like this one must be based on oral history, the biographer recording perspectives on the subject from various people. Where possible then, she says, she'll present views different from Hawke's own, so that the biography will be full of voices. Yet it's difficult not to feel that Hawke's voice on Israel is also very much, and very uncritically, her own.According to the biography,(4) Hawke became interested in Israel early in the 1970s, when he was president of the ACTU and the Labor Party. It seems that Clyde Holding, heir to the Labor Party tradition of support for Israel, was at this time a worried man. The Vietnam War was pretty well over, and young protesters were on the lookout for a fresh cause. They might influence policies in the Labor Party by comparing the plight of the Palestinians to that of the Vietnamese: those benighted Palestinians, as Holding referred to them in an interesting image. To try and counter this possible flow of misdirected sympathy, Holding devised a plan of annual Sam Cohen Memorial lectures (the late senator being a strong supporter of Israel). Hawke was invited to offer the first; he would visit Israel and give a lecture on it when he got back. In 1971 Hawke accepted the invite, only asking could he be accompanied by his daughter Susan, who had recently been impressed by Uris' Exodus.From the second he got there, Hawke and the Israelis grooved on each other, particularly the officers of the Israeli trade union organisation Histadrut detailed to look after him, Michael Siew and a Tel Aviv taxi driver Ari Tel-Shahar; Hawke loves both of them, though he can never remember Ari's surname. …" @default.
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• W306681613 date "1987-05-31" @default.
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• W306681613 title "Blanche D'Alpuget's Robert J. Hawke and Winter in Jerusalem" @default.
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