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• W3080779005 abstract "As this issue of the Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health (JMWH) goes to press, the revolution against systemic racism in the United States is receiving increased and long overdue attention. In the first editorial in this issue,1 Michelle L. Drew, CNM, FNP-C, DNP, MPH, and Pamela Reis, CNM, NNP-BC, PhD, provide a compelling message to their fellow Black midwives, white midwives, and all midwives at this significant time in history. Their editorial includes a list of books, journal articles, online resources, documentaries, and podcasts about racism, antiracism, and racial equity, all of which were recommended by midwives of color. I am grateful to Dr. Reis and Dr. Drew for this important contribution to JMWH and the midwifery profession, and I urge you to read their editorial. Systemic racism has a profound effect on health, health care, and health outcomes in the United States. There are countless stark racial health disparities in this country. For example, the pregnancy-related death rate is 3.2 times higher in Black women than white women.2 The breast and cervical cancer death rates among Black women are 40% and 65% greater, respectively, than those of white women, even though Black women have higher screening rates for these cancers than white women.3 Racism, rather than race, is now rightly recognized as the cause of these health disparities.4-7 Racial health disparities are “the physical manifestation of racism.”8 Racial equity is essential for health equity. Racism is entrenched in the midwifery profession in the United States. The birth and development of the nurse-midwifery profession was concurrent with the denigration and elimination of Black grand midwives, a more respectful term for “granny midwives” given their significant skill and contributions.9 Racism is present in midwifery education programs, clinical settings, and professional organizations.9, 10 Currently, 6.3% of certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives identify as Black,11 compared with 13.4% of the US population.12 Increasing the racial diversity of the health care workforce is a critical strategy for reducing racial health disparities.8, 10, 13-15 Systemic racism and racism in the midwifery profession must be opposed with antiracism. To be antiracist, individuals must choose to “become actively conscious about race and racism and take actions to end racial inequities in our daily lives. Being antiracist is believing that racism is everyone's problem, and we all have a role to play in stopping it.”16 Being antiracist is a process that is not new to me or my goals for JMWH, and I am committed to continuing to make that evident. As Editor-in-Chief, that process includes evaluating the antiracist efforts of JMWH to date and initiating new actions. The remainder of this editorial discusses some of the results of my most recent reflection on the Journal's past, present, and future antiracism efforts. First, there is now a permanent online JMWH Racism, Antiracism, and Racial Equity Library. This library contains articles published in JMWH that focus on these topics. In this time when many midwives are eager to be antiracist in their institutions and organizations, there are already relevant JMWH articles for midwifery education programs,17-19 clinical practices,20, 21 and professional organizations22 available to assist them in this process. The library will make these articles easier for people to find and use in their work. Visit the JMWH Racism, Antiracism, and Racial Equity Library at bit.ly/JMWHracialequity or go to the JMWH website (www.jmwh.org), where you will find a link to the library in the blue bar across the top of the page. All of the content in the library will be publicly available free of charge through October 2020; free access to all JMWH content is included with membership in the American College of Nurse-Midwives. Second, the JMWH editors distinguish racism, antiracism, and racial equity as priority topics. These are constant themes in health and health care that need to be addressed in every issue of the Journal. The editors are actively soliciting manuscripts that specifically focus on racism, antiracism, and racial equity, and we are requesting that authors address how a topic interacts with health equity in all future manuscript solicitations. Please contact me at flikis@acnm.org if you are interested in submitting a manuscript on racism, antiracism, and/or racial equity. All of the articles published in JMWH that focus on these topics will be added to the JMWH Racism, Antiracism, and Racial Equity Library. There are many midwives who have developed innovative clinical practice and education initiatives to address racism and racial health disparities, which would be valuable to share via publication. If you want to write on these topics and need assistance, please reach out to me. The JMWH editors are committed to mentoring midwife authors, and we have a number of resources available for you. Third, there are 2 new opportunities for JMWH continuing education related to racism, antiracism, and racial equity. A free online-only continuing education activity is now available for the article entitled “Incorporating an Equity Agenda into Health Professions Education and Training to Build a More Representative Workforce.”17 Visit www.jmwhce.org to take the continuing education test and receive an immediate certificate. In addition, the deadline for receiving continuing education hours for the JMWH theme issue entitled Achieving Health Equity in Midwifery and Women's Health (Volume 61, Issue 6, November/December 2016) has been extended through December 31, 2021 with special pricing. Visit www.jmwhce.org or use the form in this issue of JMWH to obtain continuing education hours for that theme issue. Fourth, as Editor-in-Chief, I continue to seek increased diversity of the JMWH Editorial Board and peer reviewers. This includes diversity across a wide range of identity groups including, but not limited to, age, ethnicity, gender, geographic location, professional role, race, and sexual orientation. From January 2018 to January 2020, the proportion of JMWH Editorial Board members who are people of color increased from 5% to 16%. This is progress, and there is more work to be done. The editors are always in need of new peer reviewers who can evaluate the suitability and quality of manuscripts submitted to JMWH, and help ensure content meets the Journal's goal of promoting health equity. If you are interested in serving as a peer reviewer, please email a copy of your CV or resume to jmwh@acnm.org. Fifth, going forward, Black will be capitalized in JMWH when used in a racial, ethnic, or cultural sense. Black individuals have called for capitalization of the name for their race for more than a century.23, 24 This change to capitalize Black, which has been adopted by JMWH and numerous other style guides, publications, and organizations, reflects an evolution in language and recognition of shared history, identity, culture, and community among people who identify as Black.25-27 The JMWH editors’ decision to capitalize Black was easy. Determining whether or not to capitalize white has been challenging for us and others.28 There are persuasive arguments on both sides. Rationales for capitalizing white include calling attention to the impact of whiteness and white privilege,27,29 distinguishing color and race,30 and being consistent with the capitalization of racial and ethnic categories.31 Reasons for leaving white in lowercase include a lack of shared identity among white people,32 using inconsistent capitalization of white and Black as a representation of persistent racial inequity,32,33 and aversion to capitalizing white because this is done by white supremacists.27 After carefully considering the arguments for and against capitalizing white, the JMWH editors have chosen to adhere to our usual practice of making a change when there is a convincing reason to do so. For now, there is a clear justification for capitalizing Black when referring to race but not white. Therefore, Black will be capitalized and white will not. This is a deviation from the guidance from the AMA Manual of Style,31,34 which JMWH uses to inform grammar, punctuation, and style for articles published in the Journal. The debate about capitalization of white is ongoing, and the editors may revisit how to handle the capitalization of this term in the future. The revolution against systemic racism calls to all of us, and antiracism is imperative for meaningful, enduring change. Being antiracist requires action. There are many options including speaking out against injustice; making transformative changes in midwifery education programs, clinical practices, and professional organizations; protesting; donating to organizations working toward racial equity; supporting antiracist legislation and political candidates; educating ourselves about racism and antiracism; disputing the whitewashing of US history, including the history of the midwifery profession; and having difficult conversations with our families, friends, and colleagues. My fellow white people and I must take responsibility for dismantling white supremacy; recognize our white privilege and use it to fight racial inequity; and silence our voices to amplify the voices of people of color. I will continue the work of being antiracist as an individual and as Editor-in-Chief, and I welcome your feedback on ways JMWH can improve our efforts to address racism and antiracism. Together, we must work to make racial equity a reality." @default.
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• W3080779005 title "Black Lives Matter: A Message from the Editor‐in‐Chief" @default.
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