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• W3081036285 abstract "Reviewed by: The Short Life and Violent Times of Preston Smith Brooks: A Man of Mark by Kenneth A. Deitreich Anne Marie Martin The Short Life and Violent Times of Preston Smith Brooks: A Man of Mark. By Kenneth A. Deitreich. (Newcastle upon Tyne, Eng.: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019. Pp. vi, 301. $99.95, ISBN 978-1-5275-3143-7.) While the story of Preston Brooks caning Charles Sumner on the Senate floor in 1856 is a familiar one, history has paid little attention to Brooks as a person outside of this incident. In The Short Life and Violent Times of Preston Smith Brooks: A Man of Mark, Kenneth A. Deitreich sets out not only to present a biography of Brooks but also to better understand the motivations, character, and decisions that ultimately led Brooks to cane Sumner. Deitreich focuses on three specific incidents in Brooks's life: his duel with Louis T. Wigfall in 1840, his participation in the U.S.-Mexican War, and his caning of Sumner. As a member of a prominent family with a well-educated and well-connected father, Brooks felt an immense responsibility to maintain his personal and family honor throughout his life, but his efforts to fulfill this responsibility received mixed responses from those around him. Brooks's obsession with honor led him to fight the only duel of his life, with Wigfall over issues surrounding the 1840 election. Both parties were wounded, and Brooks retained a bullet in his hip from the experience for the rest of his life. Deitreich contends that this incident shaped Brooks's outlook on affairs of honor moving [End Page 713] forward; although Brooks remained fiercely protective of his personal and family honor, he never fought another duel to defend them. Brooks soon began his public career. As part of South Carolina governor James Henry Hammond's administration in 1844 and later as an elected official, Brooks participated in state politics while maintaining his legal practice. It was during this period that he participated in the U.S.-Mexican War. Although Brooks successfully recruited in South Carolina and served as a captain in the Palmetto Guards, his actual combat experience was limited. When the Palmetto Guards saw action in Mexico, his brother died a hero while Preston sat out those battles in South Carolina, having been sent home due to poor health. Although Brooks quickly returned to Mexico and voluntarily put himself into increasingly dangerous positions, he could never fully shake negative rumors about his conduct during the war. After the war, Brooks reentered public life, eventually moving into national politics. Brooks's election in 1853 as the representative for South Carolina's Fourth Congressional District came with great expectations, as the seat was previously held by John C. Calhoun. However, many found that Brooks's national career was lackluster at best. These opinions changed in 1856 due to his response to Sumner's The Crime Against Kansas speech. Viewing Sumner's actions as a violation of family, state, and regional honor, Brooks felt bound to respond. Rather than immediately assaulting Sumner, Brooks instead attempted to meet him several times before caning him on the Senate floor, a route he chose not only because dueling was illegal in Washington, D.C., but also because he believed that Sumner was 'incapable of courage' and would have avoided a duel (p. 4). Although reactions to the incident were swift and regionally divided, this event finally provided Brooks the honor and acknowledgment in his home region that he had long craved. After resigning his seat in 1856, Brooks was quickly reelected as a hero and returned to Washington. However, Brooks did not long enjoy this acclaim; after a surprising and brief illness, he died in January 1857. Ultimately, Deitreich contends that, since Brooks was a man who was unable to live up to the expectations he was born into and chose unsuccessful means to fulfill them, he should be remembered as a tragic figure. By mining the limited sources available on Brooks's life and his conceptions of honor, The Short Life and Violent Times of Preston Smith Brooks will fill a gap for those with a particular interest in..." @default.
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• W3081036285 date "2020-01-01" @default.
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• W3081036285 title "The Short Life and Violent Times of Preston Smith Brooks: A Man of Mark by Kenneth A. Deitreich" @default.
• W3081036285 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2020.0186" @default.
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