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- W3093335984 abstract "SESSION TITLE: Medical Student/Resident Pulmonary Vascular Disease Posters SESSION TYPE: Med Student/Res Case Rep Postr PRESENTED ON: October 18-21, 2020 INTRODUCTION: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a commonly used drug in use since the mid 1960’s to prevent bleeding in a number of situations primarily for menorrhagia but also epistaxis and for surgical bleeding. The mechanism of action of TXA involves blocking the degradation of fibrin in clotted blood by preventing the activation of plasminogen. Menorrhagia is defined as total menstrual loss of at least 80mL per menstruation. 30% of women present with menorrhagia, which can be caused by either uterine conditions such as fibromas, systemic causes such as hematologic disorders or iatrogenic causes like intrauterine devices or use of anticoagulants. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37 year old female initially presented with symptomatic anemia from excess uterine fibroid bleeding, necessitating transfusion. She was discharged on oral TXA to await outpatient interventional radiology (IR) embolization of her bleeding. 3 weeks later the patient presented again with acute onset shortness of breath and chest pain. CT angiography showed multiple segmental venous thromboemboli (VTEs) in both right and left lungs. Right heart strain with McConnell’s sign was evident on cardiac imaging. She was started on a heparin infusion but noticed increased vaginal bleeding. IR performed an urgent uterine artery embolization with stoppage of bleeding and patient was discharged on warfarin. DISCUSSION: TXA is usually a well tolerated drug with a study by Freeman et al showing 87% of women (n=294) reported no adverse effects. The most commonly reported adverse effects were upper respiratory infection and fatigue. A 2000 Cochrane review including over 2500 participants found no reported thromboembolic events associated with TXA. A further observational population based study over 19 years and including 238,000 person-years of treatment noted no increased risk of thromboembolic events. However, a 2008 Swedish case control study reported an increase risk of VTE with an odds ratio of 3.2, however the risk estimate was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: This patient had no underlying hypercoaguable disorders or other systemic causes that could have contributed to her presentation. Therefore, this patient represents a significant although exceedingly rare adverse effect of TXA that should be considered when prescribing. Ultimately this is a rare occurrence, but official medication box warnings do include language describing the risk of VTE which should be discussed with the patient. Reference #1: Sundström, A., Seaman, H., Kieler, H. and Alfredsson, L. (2009), The risk of venous thromboembolism associated with the use of tranexamic acid and other drugs used to treat menorrhagia: a case–control study using the General Practice Research Database. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116: 91-97. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.01926.x Reference #2: Leminen, Henri, and Ritva Hurskainen. “Tranexamic acid for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding: efficacy and safety.” International journal of women's health vol. 4 (2012): 413-21. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S13840 DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Lindsay Hammons, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Young Lee, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Steven Lim, source=Web Response" @default.
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- W3093335984 date "2020-10-01" @default.
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- W3093335984 title "A CASE OF TRANEXAMIC ACID-INDUCED VTE IN THE SETTING OF SIGNIFICANT UTERINE BLEEDING" @default.
- W3093335984 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.1850" @default.
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