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• W309395220 abstract "An Odd Couple I begin to unfold this second romance by examining some of the facets of these two letters' peculiarities: first the appearance of their pairing on the pages of Bodleian Library MS Rawlinson Poet. 36 and then their satiric content. Before that, however, a briefdescription of the manuscript is in order. Rawlinson Poet. 36 is a slim volume of just nine paper leaves dating to the second half of the fifteenth century. Structurally the manuscript consists of two gatherings, each of a different paper stock: folios 1-5 are Raisin (similar to Briquet 13,008; ca. 1452, Darmstadt), and folios 6-9 are Monts (similar to Briquet 11,704; 1443, Verona). (84) The change in paper stock corresponds with a change of hand beginning at folio 6 recto: folios 6-9 verso are written in an anglicana book hand typical of the late fifteenth century, distinguishable in part by the specific shapes of its two-compartment G and A. (85) Although the script of the first five leaves might also be classed an anglicana book hand, it is much more current and displays more irregularities in its letter forms. (86) The texts in the manuscript's first gathering include a Valentine's Day poem by Lydgate (IMEV 3065), a poem with the refrain service is non eritage (IMEV 1446), another with the refrain gode rule ys out of remembrans (IMEV 1982), the two satiric verse love epistles that concern me here (IMEV3832 and 2437), two stand-alone verse love epistles (IMEV 1334 and 1510), and an eight-line stanza on old age (IMEV 1652). The second gathering is wholly occupied by a short treatise on the virtues of the Mass (IMEV 333). The manuscript's two gatherings--the one devoted to secular, the other to devotional material--thus constitute a framing pair for the pair of satiric epistles preserved in the first gathering, a point to which I return below. Unlike the other verse love letters in this manuscript, each missive in this unique pair has the look of a real letter, for each is preceded on the page by a superscription: that part of a letter that functions, much as the address on an envelope does today, to direct the letter to its addressee. Here these superscriptions also give a first impression of the sharp satire to follow: the first one reads, To my trew loue and able/As the wedyr cok he is stable /Thys letter to hym be deliueryd; the address for the second reads, To you, dere herte, variant and mutable/Lyke to Carybdis whych is vnstable. Each superscription forms a block of indented text, set above and slightly apart from the rest of the epistle in the same manner in which addresses are arranged in surviving personal letters from this period. (87) While the verse love epistle in Additional 16165 conjured an image in a reader's mind's eye of a single epistle with certain corporeal attributes--an ability to feel pain, for instance--the page layout of these poems, together with their directive texts, gives the impression to a reader's physical eye of two bodies of text in circulation, one answering the other. And in the paper space of Rawlinson Poet. 36, these epistolary bodies articulate not only the currency of paper but also its artifice: its unnaturalness--borrowing from Briquet--or, putting it another way, its status as a social construction. A look at what those textual bodies have to transmit adumbrates a pedagogical situation as the backdrop for their play with the social constructions of gender. Written as an exchange of letters between a man and woman, these two letters--for lack of a manuscript title, I shall refer to them as the Rawlinson epistles--skillfully invert late Middle English verse love epistle conventions; for instance, the first line of the woman's letter, Vnto you most froward bis lettre I write, counters the deferential, flattering tone with which most verse love epistles begin. Similarly, the man's letter begins with a variation on the popular salutation in which the beloved is addressed as a flower--Right fresshe flour, who I ben have and shal is how Troilus rendered it--only to compare the aroma of this precious flower to the noxious-smelling bloom of the feverfew plant: Fragrant as fedyrfoy to mannys inspeccion (1-2). …" @default.
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• W309395220 date "2012-01-01" @default.
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• W309395220 title "Love Stories on Paper in Middle English Verse Love Epistles" @default.
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