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- W3100303615 abstract "Marine systems have provided little empirical or theoretical support for the equilibrium theory of island biogeography introduced by MacArthur and Wilson (1967; hereafter referred to as MacArthur-Wilson equilibria). In particular, although marine islands represent isolated habitats for shoreline-restricted marine organisms, it is clear that they do not have impoverished biotas relative to adjacent mainland shores as do their terrestrial counterparts. Additionally, it is not clear that colonization rates based on distance from propagule sources, and extinction rates based on island size, play a substantial role in determining the number and kind of species that may exist here. In this chapter we ask whether the gulf islands are biogeographic islands to rockyshore fishes as they are to terrestrial plants and animals. Although the adults and juveniles of most marine shore fishes cannot readily cross the deep waters separating landmasses, most marine fishes have pelagic eggs and larvae which are often found great distances from shore (Leis and Miller 1976; Leis 1991). Certain families of teleostean fishes (e.g., the blennioids and gobioids) have demersal eggs that are attached to a substrate, and only the larvae are dispersed by ocean currents. Some of these fishes have short-lived larvae that are normally found only close to shore (Brogan 1994). Considering such different types of dispersal mechanisms, one must conclude that distance over open water must be as formidable a barrier to dispersal in some fishes as it is to terrestrial organisms. In line with this conclusion, shore-fish faunas of oceanic islands show high degrees of endemism—for example, 23% in Galapagos shore fishes (Walker 1966), 23.1% and 22.2% in Hawaiian and Easter Island fishes, respectively (Randall 1998). It is well known that the marine insular environment differs considerably from the mainland or continental environment (Robins 1971). Essentially, the former is characterized by a more stable, predictable physical regime with moderate fluctuations in physical factors such as sea temperature, salinity, and turbidity, whereas the latter usually has wider and more unpredictable fluctuations in physical parameters. Robins (1971) compared the difference in species richness between insular and continental fish faunas of the tropical western Atlantic to that between a tropical and a temperate forest, respectively." @default.
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- W3100303615 date "2002-12-12" @default.
- W3100303615 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W3100303615 title "Rocky-Shore Fishes" @default.
- W3100303615 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195133462.003.0013" @default.
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