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• W3100462885 endingPage "8606" @default.
• W3100462885 startingPage "8593" @default.
• W3100462885 abstract "Conventional drying of colloidal materials and gels (including cement) can lead to detrimental effects due to the buildup of internal stresses as water evaporates from the nano/microscopic pores. However, the underlying nanoscopic alterations in these gel materials that are, in part, responsible for macroscopically-measured strain values, especially at low relative humidity, remain a topic of open debate in the literature. In this study, sodium-based calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate (C-(N)-A-S-H) gel, the major binding phase of silicate-activated blast furnace slag (one type of low-CO$_2$ cement), is investigated from a drying perspective, since it is known to suffer extensively from drying-induced microcracking. By employing in situ synchrotron X-ray total scattering measurements and pair distribution function (PDF) analysis we show that the significant contributing factor to the strain development in this material at extremely low relative humidity (0%) is the local atomic structural rearrangement of the C-(N)-A-S-H gel, including collapse of interlayer spacing and slight disintegration of the gel. Moreover, analysis of the medium range (1.0 - 2.2 nm) ordering in the PDF data reveals that the PDF-derived strain values are in much closer agreement (same order of magnitude) with the macroscopically measured strain data, compared to previous results based on reciprocal space X-ray diffraction data. From a mitigation standpoint, we show that small amounts of ZrO$_2$ nanoparticles are able to actively reinforce the structure of silicate-activated slag during drying, preventing atomic level strains from developing. Mechanistically, these nanoparticles induce growth of a silica-rich gel during drying, which, via density functional theory calculations, we show is attributed to the high surface reactivity of tetragonal ZrO$_2$." @default.
• W3100462885 created "2020-11-23" @default.
• W3100462885 creator A5008282591 @default.
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• W3100462885 creator A5061620513 @default.
• W3100462885 creator A5073814953 @default.
• W3100462885 date "2018-01-01" @default.
• W3100462885 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W3100462885 title "Drying-induced atomic structural rearrangements in sodium-based calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate gel and the mitigating effects of ZrO₂ nanoparticles" @default.
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• W3100462885 doi "https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp07876e" @default.
• W3100462885 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29557431" @default.
• W3100462885 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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