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• W3100466946 abstract "Language is ingrained in our thought process and consciousness. It takes several forms, of whichspeech is the most spontaneous. Oral communication is essential to exchange information,emotions, and abstract ideas. Being unable to speak cuts one away from society, causing greatsuffering for the patient and his relatives as well as a complicating clinical care. People that still havean intact cerebral function but can’t communicate, like patients with neurological disease – cerebralpalsy, stroke or spinal cord injury and locked-in syndrome for example (2) – would greatlybeneficiate from speech decoding devices. However, brain computer interfaces (BCIs) aren’t at thatstage to this day. Improving our understanding of how our brains treat language as well as refiningdecoding of speech-related activity will push BCIs into a new era, changing the quality of life ofpatients suffering from these debilitating conditions for good. To this day, different brain-wavespatterns are known (3). Sorted by increasing frequency from delta to gamma, their role starts to bediscovered (4, 5). Theta waves – ranging from 4 to 8 Hz – have been shown to be essential for speechintelligibility (6) and to correlate with speech signal envelope (7). In this project, the involvement oftheta waves in listening and speech production tasks was explored further. Theta waves signal aswell as signal envelope were explored in different speech-related conditions and their potentialcorrelation to speech onset and offset was explored.Electrocorticogram (ECoG) recording of brain activity of four patients undergoing surgery for severeepilepsy were obtained. ECoG is little invasive and offers an excellent time and space sensitivity.Acquired data encompasses three conditions in which patients listened, imagined, or repeated wordsor sentences. This data and the concomitant audio recording were analysed using Matlab®. ECoGsignal was filtered for theta range (4-8Hz), the envelope was taken, and both signal and envelopewere normalised to detect significant changes. Brain heat maps were then computed to assessspatio-temporal changes in theta activity and average changes over the different tasks. Finally, toassess the potential of theta activity as speech onset and offset biomarker – an important feature toimprove speech decoding BCIs –, the correlation between theta waves and audio recordings wasinvestigated. A linear regression model linking different inputs (theta signal, theta envelope) tooutputs (audio signal, audio envelope, trigger values – “ongoing task markers”) was tested.Results indicate that theta activity and theta envelope is significantly modulated in listening-relatedtasks. Marked decreases in theta activity and envelope were observed in all experimental set-ups,with focal increases in theta activity in the left primary auditory cortex during listening. Averagetheta envelope in tasks in which subjects were to listen or repeat words was modulated with regardto baseline in both hemispheres. Theta envelope correlated well to audio envelope and “markers ofongoing task” in these cases but less so when tasks involved imagined and overt speech.Thus, theta envelope seems to be a good marker of listening tasks but appears to be a poor markerof speech intention." @default.
• W3100466946 created "2020-11-23" @default.
• W3100466946 creator A5082579301 @default.
• W3100466946 date "2017-01-01" @default.
• W3100466946 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3100466946 title "Theta waves in speech perception, imagination and production" @default.
• W3100466946 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
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