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- W3100571868 endingPage "98" @default.
- W3100571868 startingPage "76" @default.
- W3100571868 abstract "Glucose is used aerobically and anaerobically to generate energy for cells. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are transmembrane proteins that transport glucose across the cell membrane. Insulin promotes glucose utilization in part through promoting glucose entry into the skeletal and adipose tissues. This has been thought to be achieved through insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation from intracellular compartments to the cell membrane, which increases the overall rate of glucose flux into a cell. The insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation has been investigated extensively. Recently, significant progress has been made in our understanding of GLUT4 expression and translocation. Here, we summarized the methods and reagents used to determine the expression levels of Slc2a4 mRNA and GLUT4 protein, and GLUT4 translocation in the skeletal muscle, adipose tissues, heart and brain. Overall, a variety of methods such real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence microscopy, fusion proteins, stable cell line and transgenic animals have been used to answer particular questions related to GLUT4 system and insulin action. It seems that insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation can be observed in the heart and brain in addition to the skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Hormones other than insulin can induce GLUT4 translocation. Clearly, more studies of GLUT4 are warranted in the future to advance of our understanding of glucose homeostasis." @default.
- W3100571868 created "2020-11-23" @default.
- W3100571868 creator A5004621309 @default.
- W3100571868 creator A5048020071 @default.
- W3100571868 creator A5059112298 @default.
- W3100571868 creator A5059670337 @default.
- W3100571868 creator A5076236071 @default.
- W3100571868 date "2020-11-27" @default.
- W3100571868 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W3100571868 title "Current understanding of glucose transporter 4 expression and functional mechanisms" @default.
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