Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3100933337> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W3100933337 endingPage "29" @default.
- W3100933337 startingPage "29" @default.
- W3100933337 abstract "A new piece of evidence supporting the photoevaporation-driven evolution model for low-mass, close-in exoplanets was recently presented by the California–Kepler Survey. The radius distribution of the Kepler planets is shown to be bimodal, with a valley separating two peaks at 1.3 and 2.6 R⊕. Such an evaporation valley had been predicted by numerical models previously. Here, we develop a minimal model to demonstrate that this valley results from the following fact: the timescale for envelope erosion is the longest for those planets with hydrogen/helium-rich envelopes that, while only a few percent in weight, double its radius. The timescale falls for envelopes lighter than this because the planet's radius remains largely constant for tenuous envelopes. The timescale also drops for heavier envelopes because the planet swells up faster than the addition of envelope mass. Photoevaporation therefore herds planets into either bare cores (∼1.3 R⊕), or those with double the core's radius (∼2.6 R⊕). This process mostly occurs during the first 100 Myr when the stars' high-energy fluxes are high and nearly constant. The observed radius distribution further requires the Kepler planets to be clustered around 3 M⊕ in mass, born with H/He envelopes more than a few percent in mass, and that their cores are similar to the Earth in composition. Such envelopes must have been accreted before the dispersal of the gas disks, while the core composition indicates formation inside the ice line. Lastly, the photoevaporation model fails to account for bare planets beyond ∼30–60 days; if these planets are abundant, they may point to a significant second channel for planet formation, resembling the solar system terrestrial planets." @default.
- W3100933337 created "2020-11-23" @default.
- W3100933337 creator A5016015356 @default.
- W3100933337 creator A5032539052 @default.
- W3100933337 date "2017-09-20" @default.
- W3100933337 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
- W3100933337 title "The Evaporation Valley in the Kepler Planets" @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1604168172 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1829925112 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1965833171 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1968846983 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1974543936 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1983956647 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1986846568 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W1997376795 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2000984784 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2006124034 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2006687150 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2011930844 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2016233870 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2026036168 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2031513034 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2032480060 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2036200834 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2044560189 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2050155687 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2082329580 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2082366856 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2083250837 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2083936836 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2084238323 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2097407916 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2099354986 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2105878716 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2106808574 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2118339586 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2132117032 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2132519231 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2145265546 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2162551747 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2166854848 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2187737054 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2194073572 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2207413084 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2275717650 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2304135995 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2326850392 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2526233985 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2547556251 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2606686133 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2608157506 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2608435525 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2947592794 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W2964332121 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3097976388 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3098158938 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3098358836 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3098714857 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3098746927 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3098896129 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3099065262 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3099230281 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3099362172 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3100044404 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3100072070 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3100127880 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3100334085 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3100845463 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3101701883 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3102139781 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3102366612 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3103999057 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3104625650 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3104957872 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105022971 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105073782 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105285383 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105400649 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105659461 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105747105 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105873608 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3105890854 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3106137916 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3106354680 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3106428602 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3121752562 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3122108750 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3124369829 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3125271721 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W3125287281 @default.
- W3100933337 cites W4231351050 @default.
- W3100933337 doi "https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa890a" @default.
- W3100933337 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
- W3100933337 type Work @default.
- W3100933337 sameAs 3100933337 @default.
- W3100933337 citedByCount "519" @default.
- W3100933337 countsByYear W31009333372017 @default.
- W3100933337 countsByYear W31009333372018 @default.