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• W310523077 abstract "Overview In summer of 2001, Bush administration expressed impatience with military services, suggesting that unspecified legacy capabilities had to give way to a that would be based upon precision weaponry, and information technologies. Operations in Afghanistan, however, have shown wisdom of today's balanced force structure. In current campaign, all-source intelligence has been used to vector teams on ground, which in turn have identified targets for aircraft that have shattered opposing forces. The result has been devastating air power controlled by Americans on ground, with a psychological effect rippling far beyond Afghanistan. All governments inclined to harbor anti-American terrorists now understand that consequences may be their removal from power, not just a few cruise missiles hitting empty buildings. U.S. ground forces, however, are still vulnerable; they lag far behind resources devoted to air and high-level command, control, and communications (C3). Now is time to recognize multifaceted roles of rifleman and to recapitalize infantry. A transformation based upon facts rather than theory would shift resources from C3 niceties for high-level staffs to force protection essentials for people doing fighting. Transformation before September 11 Prior to terrorist attacks, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and his staff were trying to persuade military to undertake transformation to reorganize and equip to fight in a markedly different way. The military was urged to rebuild so that it relies more heavily on stealth, precision weaponry, and information technologies. (1) These characteristics suggested that resources would flow to air forces and missile defense. The Secretary referred to network-centric warfare, a tongue-twisting name for proposition that instantaneous transfer of information among computer nodes yields a decided advantage in application of force. The more military outcome depends on stochastic principles and laws of physics--for instance, trajectory of a missile--the more strongly network-centric principles apply. Conversely, force element least affected by network-centric computer linking is infantry warfare, where outcomes depend upon human grit, unit cohesiveness, and discipline under stress. The infantry probably was not a leading force element--if it was thought of at all--when transformation was advocated last summer. Since then, pictures of American soldiers on horseback in Afghanistan have appeared in media, and both President and Secretary of Defense visited with infantry units at Thanksgiving. It is reasonable to expect that over next year, transformation theory will be expanded to include infantry. Devastating Air Power In a bilious effort to deprecate a remarkable military achievement, a reporter for The New York Times recently wrote that the Powell Doctrine insisted on clear objectives and a clear exit strategy ... such a strategy could have been employed by massing forces within a coalition.... But administration ... exploited enemy weaknesses with ruthless bombardment from air in which use of force is unrestrained by borders or allies. (2) In past wars, borders and allies restrained American use of force. Allowing North Vietnamese a sanctuary free from bombing was critical to their success in 1975, and concerns about coalition disapproval prevented removal of Saddam Hussein in 1991. Whether such restraints are beneficial to U.S. policy depends on what one thinks about policy. Even ideological critics should be impressed with soundness and daring of this campaign. At outset, press stories were about fierce Afghan fighters who drove out British and Russians, harsh terrain, obdurate fanaticism of Taliban. …" @default.
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• W310523077 date "2002-03-01" @default.
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• W310523077 title "Rediscovering the Infantry in a Time of Transformation" @default.
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