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• W3105233631 abstract "The characteristics of infrared properties and mid-infrared (MIR) variability of red supergiant (RSG) stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) are analyzed based on 12 bands of near-infrared (NIR) to MIR co-added data from 2MASS, Spitzer and WISE, and ∼6.6 yr of MIR time-series data collected by the ALLWISE and NEOWISE-R projects. 773 RSGs candidates were compiled from the literature and verified by using the color-magnitude diagram (CMD), spectral energy distribution (SED) and MIR variability. About 15% of valid targets in the IRAC1–IRAC2/IRAC2–IRAC3 diagram may show polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission. We show that arbitrary dereddening Q parameters related to the IRAC4, S9W, WISE3, WISE4, and MIPS24 bands could be constructed based on a precise measurement of MIR interstellar extinction law. Several peculiar outliers in our sample are discussed, in which one outlier might be a RSG right before the explosion or an extreme asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star in the very late evolutionary stage based on the MIR spectrum and photometry. There are 744 identified RSGs in the final sample having both the WISE1- and WISE2-band time-series data. The results show that the MIR variability is increasing along with the increasing of brightness. There is a relatively tight correlation between the MIR variability, mass loss rate (MLR; in terms of K S –WISE3 color), and the warm dust or continuum (in terms of WISE4 magnitude/flux), where the MIR variability is evident for the targets with K S –WISE3 > 1.0 mag and WISE4 ⊙ yr−1 . Both the variability and the luminosity may be important for the MLR since the WISE4-band flux is increasing exponentially along with the degeneracy of luminosity and variability. The identified RSG sample has been compared with the theoretical evolutionary models and shown that the discrepancy between observation and evolutionary models can be mitigated by considering both variability and extinction." @default.
• W3105233631 created "2020-11-23" @default.
• W3105233631 creator A5011894823 @default.
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• W3105233631 creator A5047958739 @default.
• W3105233631 creator A5049611991 @default.
• W3105233631 creator A5054882823 @default.
• W3105233631 date "2018-05-08" @default.
• W3105233631 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W3105233631 title "Red supergiant stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. II. Infrared properties and mid-infrared variability" @default.
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