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• W3105777300 abstract "Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plants and animals because of its vital role in energy transformation processes such as photosynthesis and glycolysis. Soil is the primary source of P for plants (and animals), and while native soil P is mainly derived from the mineral apatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH,F)2) present in soil parent material, supplementary P is added in fertilizers. In addition, large quantities of P are present in household and industrial chemicals such as detergents, and as a result organic wastes such as municipal sewage sludge contain significant amounts of various chemical forms of inorganic and organic P. The biogeochemical cycling of P in soil is determined by a complex interaction of chemical, biochemical and biological processes, which in turn are influenced by a variety of environmental and anthropogenic factors in natural and agro-ecosystems. It is clear that P is a key element in the environment; it is indispensable for plant growth, but its release into water bodies such as rivers and lakes can cause significant environmental damage as a result of eutrophication. The detailed chemical nature and associated transformations of P in the soil—plant system, and the fate of native and applied P in particular, must be fully understood in order to maximize the agronomic benefits of P while minimizing any adverse environmental impacts. The latter is particularly important in view of the growing importance of land application as a disposal option for organic wastes such as animal manures and municipal sewage sludge. The large gyromagnetic ratio of the 31P nucleus and its 100% natural abundance make 31P easy to detect by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and accordingly NMR has been used to examine P in a wide variety of environments. In particular, NMR spectroscopy has been shown to be a valuable tool for investigating the chemical nature and transformations of P in the soil environment and the associated fate of fertilizers, pesticides and organic wastes. This chapter includes a brief summary of the use of liquid-state 31P NMR to investigate the chemical nature and cycling of P in the soil-plant system and the fate of selected pesticides." @default.
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• W3105777300 date "1997-05-01" @default.
• W3105777300 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3105777300 title "Use of 31P NMR in the Study of Soils and the Environment" @default.
• W3105777300 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097511.003.0021" @default.
• W3105777300 hasPublicationYear "1997" @default.
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