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- W3109402729 abstract "The fluctuations in thermodynamic and transport properties in many-body systems gain in importance as the number of constituent particles is reduced. Ultracold atomic gases provide a clean setting for the study of mesoscopic systems; however, the detection of temporal fluctuations is hindered by the typically destructive detection, precluding repeated precise measurements on the same sample. Here, we overcome this limitation by utilizing the enhanced light-matter coupling in an optical cavity to perform a minimally invasive continuous measurement and track the time evolution of the atom number in a quasi two-dimensional atomic gas during evaporation from a tilted trapping potential. We demonstrate sufficient measurement precision to detect atom number fluctuations well below the level set by Poissonian statistics. Furthermore, two-time correlations of the atom number obtained from the real-time measurements shed light on the non-linearity of the evaporation process and the noise sources governing the transport of atoms out of the trapping volume. Our results establish coupled atom-cavity systems as a novel testbed for observing thermodynamics and transport phenomena in mesosopic cold atomic gases and pave the way for cavity-assisted feedback stabilization of atom number and temperature of atomic quantum simulators." @default.
- W3109402729 created "2020-12-07" @default.
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- W3109402729 date "2020-12-02" @default.
- W3109402729 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3109402729 title "Tracking evaporative cooling of a mesoscopic atomic quantum gas in real time." @default.
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