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• W3110582397 abstract "From user guidance applications to trains or road vehicles fleet management, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based positioning systems are more and more spread and used in urban environments. However, urban environments present great challenges for GNSS positioning since numbers of obstacles result in signal attenuations and blockages, which can cause large errors. Yet, for new GNSS land applications, knowing the certainty of one's localization is of great importance especially for the liability/safety critical applications such as automated driving, electronic road tolling or railway signaling. The concept of GNSS integrity, which is defined as a measure of trust to be placed in the correctness of the information supplied by the total system, can help to meet this requirement. Although GNSS integrity has been firstly developed and formalized in the aviation field, the algorithms developed for the aerospace domain cannot be introduced directly to the GNSS land applications. This is because a high data redundancy exists in the aviation domain and a basic hypothesis that only one failure occurs at a time is made for aviation schemes, which are not the case for the urban users. It is a great challenge to extend the integrity monitoring algorithms to GNSS urban applications. The main objective of this PhD research work is to improve the performance of GNSS positioning in urban environment, especially the performance of accuracy and integrity. Under this framework, two research directions were investigated:1) The first direction of this PhD research mainly consists of GNSS measurement error characterization in order to improve the positioning accuracy in stringent environments. Several error models existed in the literature are investigated and evaluated, for instance the signal carrier-power-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) dependent variance model, the satellite elevation dependent variance model as well as the Dirichlet Process Mixture (DPM) model. A new hybrid model is proposed while involving the contribution of the digital map to distinguish the signal reception state LOS/NLOS. 2) The second direction contributes to the Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) techniques so as to improve the GNSS integrity performance in urban environments. Different FDE methods, which can be potentially applied on the land GNSS-based applications, are investigated and compared with real GPS data collected in urban canyon. Two classes of FDE strategies are involved: the snapshot Least-Square-Residual (LSR)-based one and the sequential Extended-Kalman-Filter (EKF) innovation-based one. A new method of HPL computation by taking into consideration of the potential prior fault is proposed. Then, these two research directions are combined together and the computation of Horizontal Protection Level (HPL) is added at the next step so that a complete integrity monitoring scheme is constructed. The results with real GPS data collected in urban canyon show that the accuracy and integrity performance of positioning can be improved with the proposed scheme compared to the traditional approaches. The proposed integrity monitoring scheme is promising to be implemented in the low-cost GNSS commercial receivers for urban transport applications." @default.
• W3110582397 created "2020-12-07" @default.
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• W3110582397 date "2018-10-02" @default.
• W3110582397 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W3110582397 title "GNSS propagation channel modeling in constrained environments : contribution to the improvement of the geolocation service quality" @default.
• W3110582397 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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