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• W3111204431 abstract "ABSTRACT Background Both the noradrenergic and galaninergic systems have been implicated in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders, and these two neuromodulators are co-released from the stress-responsive locus coeruleus (LC); however, the individual contributions of LC-derived norepinephrine (NE) and galanin to behavioral stress responses are unclear. Here we aimed to disentangle the functional roles of co-released NE and galanin in stress-induced behavior. Methods We used foot shock, optogenetics, and behavioral pharmacology in wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking either NE ( Dbh -/- ) or galanin ( Gal cKO-Dbh ) specifically in noradrenergic neurons to isolate the roles of these co-transmitters in regulating anxiety-like behavior in the elevated zero maze (EZM) either immediately or 24 h following stress. Results Foot shock and optogenetic LC stimulation produced immediate anxiety-like behavior in WT mice, and the effects of foot shock persisted for 24 h. NE-deficient mice were resistant to the anxiogenic effects of acute stress and optogenetic LC stimulation, while mice lacking noradrenergic-derived galanin displayed typical increases in anxiety-like behavior. However, when tested 24 h after foot shock, both Dbh -/- and Gal cKO-Dbh mice lacked normal expression of anxiety-like behavior. Pharmacological rescue of NE, but not galanin, in knockout mice during EZM testing was anxiogenic. In contrast, restoring galanin, but not NE, signaling during foot shock normalized stress-induced anxiety-like behavior 24 h later. Conclusions These results indicate that NE and noradrenergic-derived galanin play complementary, but distinguishable roles in behavioral responses to stress. NE is required for the expression of acute stress-induced anxiety, while noradrenergic-derived galanin mediates more persistent responses following a stressor." @default.
• W3111204431 created "2020-12-21" @default.
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• W3111204431 date "2020-12-06" @default.
• W3111204431 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W3111204431 title "Co-released Norepinephrine and Galanin Act on Different Timescales to Promote Stress-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior" @default.
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• W3111204431 doi "https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.05.413138" @default.
• W3111204431 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
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