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- W3112913619 abstract "Cu2SnS3 is a good alternative to solve the problems related to CdTe and CIGS absorber layers having toxic, expensive and rare-earth elements. In this study, CTS films were obtained by a two-stage process that includes sulfurization of Sn-Cu metallic precursors stacked by thermal evaporation. Sulfurization process was carried out in the temperature range of 400–550 °C, and the role of the sulfurization temperature on secondary phases of CTS films was reported. XRD and Raman analyzes revealed that CTS film sulfurized at 550 °C has a highly crystalline tetragonal-CTS phase, and undesirable CuS secondary phase can be significantly minimized due to increased sulfurization temperature. Elemental analyses showed that desired Cu-poor stoichiometry was reached at 550 °C and 550 °C. Optical analyzes indicated that optical band gap values approached the optimum value for photovoltaic applications, and 1.39 eV was reached especially for CTS-550 film. Thickness and optical constants of the films were determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. CuS secondary phase in Cu-rich CTS-400 and CTS-450 films brought metallic behavior to the materials, and electrical resistivity of the Cu-poor CTS-550 film approached the appropriate value for photovoltaic applications. Besides, surface analyzes proved that sulfurization temperature has a strong effect on the surface properties and the film surface became more compact at 550 °C. As a result, this study showed that higher sulfurization temperatures (especially 550 °C) contribute to the solution of the CuS secondary phase problem, which limits the performance of CTS-based solar cells." @default.
- W3112913619 created "2020-12-21" @default.
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- W3112913619 date "2021-01-01" @default.
- W3112913619 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W3112913619 title "Production and characterization of Cu2SnS3 films for solar cell applications: The effect of the sulfurization temperature on CuS secondary phase" @default.
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- W3112913619 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.11.068" @default.
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