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• W3121643721 abstract "Background to Defining Genocide by Attrition In order to maintain power in Ethiopia, the ruling elite need to maintain the flow of cash and weapons. But, in order to keep their foreign donors happy, they deny genocidal acts against their targeted peoples, and they need to create a believable cover-up to explain the presence of mass deaths. Abyssinian rulers had no choice but to be satisfied with the slower genocide of hunger and deprivation that could be more easily denied as being deliberate. In order to perpetrate genocide that was mostly funded by foreign aid, the government needed to information flow. We observe that in Ethiopia constant famines are blamed on climate or drought, but other factors, including destructive government policies, are conveniently avoided. Yet, Amartya Sen and Jean Dreze unequivocally stated, The points of overriding importance are: that there is no real evidence to doubt that all famines in the modern world are preventable by human action; that many countries--even some very poor ones--mange to consistently prevent them; that when people die of starvation there is almost invariably some massive social failure (whether or not a natural phenomenon had an initiating role in the causal process); and that the responsibilities for that failure deserve explicit attention and analysis, not evasion. (1) Ideally, one should expect that chronic hunger and multiple episodes of mass deaths should no longer exist. One should especially expect that sophisticated, educated people working at the international level would know that fact. Yet, even today, Ethiopian rulers create and ruthlessly carry out policies including forced deportations known to be causing mass starvation and death among some of its ethnic groups, and have not been blamed by foreign observers and donors. Finding 'Intent to Destroy' in the Patterns of Policy and Denial United Nations Genocide Convention (UNGC) is the defining global law that relates to genocide. protected groups are defined as national, ethnical, racial or religious and so would include the Oromo, the Ogadeni, and other conquered nations of the South of the country. act, or 'actus reus', committed might include outright killing, but also might include, according to UNGC IIc deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part, which would tend to lead to a slow type of genocide. act could also refer to a negative act, for example, the perpetrators might ignore the problem and not call for aid while people in the target populations are dying. Ethiopian ruling elites have always denied knowledge of famine episodes, and even as they were committing acts destructive to the lives of their peoples, they continued to deny knowledge and culpability. first task in defining genocide is to recognize that a major defining boundary set by the writers and signers of the UNGC is the term intent. prosecutor must prove destructive acts against certain defined groups, but those acts must be committed with 'dolus specialis', to destroy a particular protected group, in whole or in part. (2) If to a group cannot be determined, there may be crimes against humanity, but there is no genocide. However, can be inferred. Genocide scholar Jerry Fowler wrote, Inferring from conduct in the absence of direct evidence is widely accepted. (3) In this paper, we show that the special intent of the minority Abyssinian rulers to Oromo, Ogadeni and peoples of the south can be inferred from the way government responds to media attention to hunger in order to mitigate negative responses of donor governments and reduce global embarrassment. Government action taken with knowledge of media attention before, during and between the famine episodes should show that, in Ethiopia, there is government understanding of wrongdoing that needs to be hidden. …" @default.
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• W3121643721 date "2016-12-01" @default.
• W3121643721 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W3121643721 title "Famine, Genocide and Media Control in Ethiopia" @default.
• W3121643721 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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