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- W3121815531 abstract "Scholars and judges agree on the importance of constitutional approval—that is, people’s subjective support for their constitution. The Supreme Court has asserted that it owes its very legitimacy to popular backing for its decisions. Academic luminaries have concurred, while also connecting constitutional approval to constitutional compliance and durability, as well as the easing of the countermajoritarian difficulty. Until now, though, no information has been available on either the levels or the causes of constitutional support. In this Article, we rectify this shortcoming by presenting the results of a nationally representative survey that we conducted in late 2014. The survey asked respondents about their approval of the federal Constitution and of their state constitution, and about several potential bases for support. We also supplemented the survey by coding dozens of features of state constitutions. This coding allows us to test hypotheses about the relationship between constitutional content and constitutional backing. What we find is illuminating. First, people highly approve of their constitutions—the federal charter more so than its state counterparts. Second, approval is unrelated to what constitutions say; it does not budge as their provisions become more or less congruent with respondents’ preferences. Third, approval is only weakly linked to respondents’ demographic attributes. And fourth, the most potent drivers of approval are constitutional familiarity and pride in one’s state or country. To know it—and to be proud of it—is to love it. Assistant Professor of Law, University of Chicago Law School, and Associate Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law. We are grateful to Richard Albert, Adam Chilton, Brandon Garrett, Tom Ginsburg, Risa Goluboff, David Landau, Sandy Levinson, Gregg Mitchell, John Monahan, Sharon Rush, George Rutherglen, Danny Sokol, Doug Spencer, Rich Schragger, Reedy Swanson, Mark Tushnet, Ozan Varol, and Emily Zackin for their helpful comments. Our thanks also to workshop participants at the 2015 conference of the International Society for Public Law, Hebrew University, Queen’s University, and the University of Florida, where we presented earlier versions of the Article. We are pleased as well to acknowledge the support of the Robert Helman Law and Public Policy Fund at the University of Chicago, whose generosity helped to cover the survey’s costs. And we benefited from excellent research assistance from Charles Doriean, Vahid Gholampour, Lucas Kowalczyk, Terry Martin, and Keiko Rose. Washington University Open Scholarship p 113 Stephanopoulos Versteeg book pages 12/12/2016 114 WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW [VOL. 94:113 These results unsettle several literatures. They mean that people form opinions about constitutions differently than about other institutions. They also mean that comparativists may be going down a blind alley as they focus ever more intently on constitutional design. But perhaps our study’s clearest implication is for leaders who value popular support for their constitution. Our advice to them is to forget about constitutional change, and instead to try to build the public’s knowledge and appreciation of the charter. Constitutional approval, like statecraft, is ultimately a project of soulcraft." @default.
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- W3121815531 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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- W3121815531 title "The Contours of Constitutional Approval" @default.
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