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• W3122168471 abstract "This Article reveals a new resistance strategy to disability rights in the workplace. The initial backlash against the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) targeted protected class status by characterizing the ADA’s accommodation mandate as special treatment that benefitted the disabled at the expense of the nondisabled workforce. As a result, federal courts treated the ADA as a welfare statute rather than a civil rights law, which resulted in the Supreme Court dramatically narrowing the definition of disability. Congress responded with sweeping amendments in 2008 to expand the class of individuals with disabilities who are entitled to accommodations and to align the ADA with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by establishing nearly universal impairmentbased antidiscrimination protection. While these amendments have largely dismantled the disability status barrier, employers and their attorneys are working to erect a new barrier with the ADA’s “otherwise qualified” provision, which requires plaintiffs to prove the ability to perform all of the “essential functions of the job” as part of a prima facie disability discrimination case. This Article shows how federal courts are using the concept of “essential job functions” to entrench able-bodied norms into seemingly neutral job descriptions and workplace designs to again restrict access to accommodations and undermine the ADA as a universal civil rights law. By replacing “non-disabled” with “non-qualified” as the Associate Dean for Faculty Scholarship, Dean’s Circle Scholar, and Professor of Law, University of San Francisco School of Law. I thank Brad Areheart, Kevin Barry, Tristin Green, and Nicole Porter for their valuable contributions, Alyse Pacheco for her research assistance, and Richard Dickson for his support. This project also benefited from feedback from participants at a faculty colloquium at U.C. Hastings College of the Law, participants at the Eighth Annual Colloquium on Current Scholarship in Labor and Employment Law at the UNLV School of Law, and participants at the Michigan State Law Review 2015 Spring Symposium, Persuasion in Civil Rights Advocacy. 1690 Michigan State Law Review 2015:1689 ADA’s new gatekeeper, this strategy effectively shifts disability stereotypes away from individuals with disabilities and onto the definition of work itself, which may render those stereotypes even more difficult to recognize and disrupt." @default.
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• W3122168471 date "2015-01-01" @default.
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• W3122168471 title "Disqualifiying Universality Under the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act" @default.
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