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- W3122425052 abstract "Poland is characterized by relatively significantly diversified environmental conditions, reflected in various water supply conditions and seasonality of the river flow, which determines the flow regime. Based on the Parde coefficient, five types of river regime: three nival (snowy) – poorly, moderately and well-formed, nival-pluvial (snowy-rainy) and pluvial-nival (rainy-snowy), respectively, can be distinguished. While the nival regime is represented mainly by lowland rivers in the central and northern parts of the country, rivers in the southern, upland and mountainous parts have the nival-pluvial and pluvial-nival regimes. Rivers representing the nival poorly formed type are characterized by the most even flows and the highest share of the groundwater flow in the total flow in the annual cycle. In contrast, rivers with the nival well-formed regime are distinguished by the most contrasting types of periods, from deep low-water to very high high-water. Climate changes and the human impact on water relations make the features of the river flow regime change. Rivers with similar changes in flow conditions, except from those with transformation of water relations caused by human activity, also represent similar geographical regions. This indicates the importance of climatic conditions in the modification of the characteristics of the flow regime. Certain evidence of the influence of climatic conditions on changes in the flow regime in the winter-spring period may be a significant decrease in winter flows observed in many rivers, and a delayed increase in the spring thaw in the 1950s and 1960s. In turn, in the 1970s and 1980s in these rivers, there was a disappearance of the winter low-water stages associated with a remarkable increase in the winter flow. These regularities indicate the noticeable impact of changes in the intensity of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the transformation of the characteristics of the flow regime of rivers in Poland. Research confirms that there is a temporarily and spatially differentiated impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the level of river flows. This impact is not strong but noticeable. It is observed with varying intensity in rivers in many regions of the country, mainly in winter, spring and summer." @default.
- W3122425052 created "2021-02-01" @default.
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- W3122425052 date "2021-01-01" @default.
- W3122425052 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W3122425052 title "Flow Regime Patterns and Their Changes" @default.
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- W3122425052 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61965-7_9" @default.
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