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• W3122596590 abstract "Natural ecosystems are facing increasing anthropogenic impacts that alter the diversity of biological communities. Amazonian rivers and streams shelter a unique and vast biodiversity. Yet, they are facing unprecedented deforestation levels due to human activities, such as mining, logging and agriculture. It is therefore urgent to deeply understand how human impacts affect biological communities in these ecosystems. The majority of studies addressing this issue were conducted in small streams and documented changes on species composition, but not responses on local species richness. This work proposes a community ecology approach, in which the connected nature of freshwater ecosystems is considered, to define how deforestation affects diversity patterns, but also the ecological processes shaping fish communities. Environmental DNA (eDNA), a non-invasive sampling method was used to equally sampling fish communities in streams and rivers across French Guiana. Deforested surfaces from spatial data were extracted to create a global deforestation variable that integrates the effects of urbanization, agriculture, gold-mining and logging. This work has optimized and validated the use of eDNA to assess the effects of human activities on species-rich ecosystems, such as tropical streams and rivers. The method showed high replicability, as well as the ability to distinguish local fish communities, habitats and disturbed sites from pristine sites. Moreover, we show that deforestation affected fish biodiversity beyond local effects and reveal an extended effect of distant upstream deforestation on downstream fish biodiversity. Distant and low-intensity deforestation caused a decline of over 30% in taxonomic and functional richness of riverine fish communities. Nonetheless, this perturbation was not determinant on the ecological processes shaping fish communities in rivers nor on the trait composition, which were more influenced by the upstream-downstream gradient than by the deforestation gradient. In stream communities, deforestation leads to changes in species composition, without a significant decrease in species or functional richness. These alterations were mediated by environmental filtering which was reinforced in highly deforested sites. As a result, species were less evenly distributed within the functional space, leaving the traits related to the benthic and phytophagous guild underrepresented while overrepresented by pelagic detritivorous. Our findings strongly support the complexity of deforestation impacts on Amazonian biodiversity. Besides, context-dependent responses, the diversity of freshwater fish communities responded to deforestation in a multifaceted way. This work underlined the vulnerability of tropical fauna to slight environmental changes, even in relatively well-preserved region, such as French Guiana." @default.
• W3122596590 created "2021-02-01" @default.
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• W3122596590 date "2019-12-20" @default.
• W3122596590 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W3122596590 title "Anthropization effects on freshwater fish communities in French Guiana : An environmental DNA approach" @default.
• W3122596590 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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