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• W3122798929 abstract "The Michigan Supreme Court's decision in Wayne County v. Hathcock, (1) overruling infamous decision in Poletown Neighborhood Council v. Detroit, (2) represents major victory for property owners not only in that state, but, indirectly, throughout United States. The earlier decision greatly broadened scope of eminent domain power, enabling government to seize land for benefit of private corporations such as General Motors, instead of for use, as text of state constitution required. In years following Poletown, many state and federal courts embraced similar theory of clause, holding that any use legislature declared to be public benefit qualified as public use. (3) The result has been rash of condemnations benefiting private parties. The Hathcock court's decision to overrule Poletown vindicates an important legal principle to protect people from what founding fathers called the mischiefs of faction. (4) It sends clear message to other courts that abuse of eminent domain must be stopped, and that government's power to seize property must be limited by effective constitutional restraints. As United States Supreme Court considers subject of eminent domain this term, an examination of this most famous of eminent domain cases is especially timely. (5) This article discusses background and importance of Hathcock, and some of important matters that must be addressed to further rein in extreme government power of eminent domain. Part I describes history of Poletown and its demise. Part II discusses Hathcock and its effect. Part III suggests next steps that must be taken to restore public use limitation as an effective brake on condemnation I. THE STORY OF POLETOWN V. DETROIT A. The Litigation of Poletown In early 1980s, high oil prices, inflation, and government regulation brought on severe recession, which hit Michigan's automobile manufacturers especially hard. As Americans turned to cheaper and more efficient Japanese imports, state's unemployment rate rose from 7 percent in March of 1979, to 9.9 percent year later; 12.2 percent in March, 1981, and peaked at 16.3 percent in November, 1982. (6) The Detroit property tax base fell by $100 million. (7) Government attempts to resolve such problems included major subsidies to domestic businesses both at state and federal levels. (8) In particular, Michigan sought to relieve ailing General Motors Corporation. In 1980, GM informed city of Detroit that it would be willing to construct new factory in region of city known as Poletown (due to large number of Polish immigrants living there). The company had already threatened to close factory which would have cost community 6,000 jobs, and, as Justice James L. Ryan would later note, city felt severe pressure from GM's immense political and economic power. (9) The Poletown neighborhood was a rare commodity in an urban environment: stable, integrated area that in many ways harkened back to close-knit ethnic communities that characterized Detroit's past. (10) The GM project meant condemning over 1,000 properties and homes of 3,438 people. (11) And although it was deteriorating in 1980s, many residents cherished their neighborhood, where milkmen still made their rounds, (12) local policemen regularly lunched at Carl Fisher's Famous Bar-B-Q Restaurant, (13) and where, one resident recalled, [p]eople watched out for one another.... In suburbs, it's keep up with Joneses.' Over here, nobody cared. You were neighbors. (14) As Jean Wylie explains in her history of Poletown case, even as late as 1980, community was known for its sound housing stock, its low rents, its good access to shops and services, and its tolerance for divergent ethnic groups and religious denominations. ... [A] study done by University of Michigan in 1980 suggested that 'this area may be one of most continuously racially integrated areas in Michigan. …" @default.
• W3122798929 created "2021-02-01" @default.
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• W3122798929 date "2005-03-22" @default.
• W3122798929 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W3122798929 title "A Gleeful Obituary for Poletown Neighborhood Council V. Detroit" @default.
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