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- W3123370172 abstract "RACIAL INEQUALITY IN AMERICAN CITIES: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY CRITIQUE Robert W. Collin* and Robin A. Morris** I. INTRODUCTION A. Brief History of Law and Race in American Cities ......... B. The Racial Importance of Cities II. RESIDENTIAL RACIAL SEGREGATION A. Population Distribution and Trends B. Housing and its Relationship to Other Urban Problems ..... C. The Judicial Quandary III. EARLY URBAN EMPLOYMENT PREFERENCES IV. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN THE URBAN CONTEXT ...... A . C osts B. Washington v. Davis C. Problems of Proof D. The Judicial Quandary Revisited V. A RECOMMENDATION VI. CONCLUSION I. INTRODUCTION A. A Brief History of Law and Race in American Cities Since the thirteenth amendment, which abolished slavery, Blacks have been struggling for equal opportunity.' The year after that amendment, Con- gress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866.2 This act provided that: All citizens of the United States shall have the same right, in every state and territory, as is enjoyed by the white citizens thereof to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property. In 1868 these provisions were strengthened by the adoption of the fourteenth amendment to the United States Consititution. This amendment made all people born or naturalized in the United States citizens and specifically pro- vided that: No State shall ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the * Assistant Professor Planning University of Virginia, School of Architecture, Division of Ur- ban and Environmental Planning. Juris Doctor-Albany Law School, Master of Urban Planning- Columbia University, Masters of Social Work-Columbia University, Masters of Law-University of Missouri ** Associate Professor of Law, Tulane Law School. B.A.-The Colorado College; J.D.-Ari- zona State University 1. U.S. CONsT. amend. XIII. See also Note, Jones v. Mayer: The Thirteenth Amendment and the Federal Anti-Discrimination Laws, 69 COLUM. L. REv. 1019 (1969). 2. 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981, 1982 (1982)." @default.
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- W3123370172 title "Racial Inequality in American Cities: An Interdisciplinary Critique" @default.
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