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• W3124073340 abstract "ABSTRACTLike most governments around the world, the South African government adopted a uniform, place-blind response to the coronavirus pandemic, including a hard lockdown. New evidence from a large household survey reveals that the socioeconomic effects have widened pre-existing inequalities between cities and rural areas. More could be done to complement national relief programmes with targeted efforts to boost jobs and livelihoods in the most vulnerable areas. In addition, the premature withdrawal of relief measures before the economy has recovered would aggravate the hardship in poorer communities that have come to rely on these resources following the jobs slump.摘要新冠肺炎加剧城乡不平等：南非的证据。 Area Development and Policy. 与世界上大多数国家的政府一样, 南非政府对新冠肺炎大流行采取了统一的、盲目的应对措施, 包括地区严格封锁。一项大型家庭调查的最新数据表明, 社会经济影响、扩大了城乡之间原有的不平等。要想有针对性地改善贫穷地区的就业和生计问题, 需要做更多的工作来填补国际救济方案的不足。此外, 在经济复苏之前过早停止救济措施将加剧贫困人口的困境, 因为这些贫困人口在低就业的情况下依赖地方救济措施给予的资源生存。RESUMENDesigualdades rurales–urbanas agravadas por la COVID-19: el ejemplo de Sudáfrica. Area Development and Policy. Al igual que la mayoría de los Gobiernos en todo el mundo, el Gobierno de Sudáfrica ha adoptado una respuesta uniforme y espacialmente ciega a la pandemia del coronavirus, incluyendo un confinamiento estricto. Los nuevos datos de una extensa encuesta de hogares indican que los efectos socioeconómicos han ampliado las desigualdades ya existentes entre zonas urbanas y rurales. Se podría hacer más para complementar los programas nacionales de ayuda con esfuerzos específicos para fomentar el empleo y los medios de vida de las zonas más vulnerables. Además, retirar de modo anticipado las medidas de alivio antes de la recuperación de la economía agravaría las dificultades en las comunidades más pobres que dependen de estos recursos tras el desplome de los puestos de trabajo.АннотацияНеравенство между городами и сельскими районами, усиленное COVID-19: данные из Южной Африки. Area Development and Policy. Как и большинство правительств во всем мире, правительство Южной Африки предприняло единообразные, недифференцированные по территориям меры в ответ на пандемию коронавируса, включая жесткую изоляцию. Новые данные, полученные в ходе крупного обследования домашних хозяйств, свидетельствуют о том, что социально-экономические последствия увеличили существовавшее ранее неравенство между городами и сельскими районами. Можно было бы дополнить национальные программы чрезвычайной помощи целенаправленными усилиями по созданию рабочих мест и повышению уровня жизни в наиболее уязвимых районах. Кроме того, преждевременный отказ от мер по оказанию чрезвычайной помощи до того, как экономика восстановится, усугубит трудности в наиболее бедных общинах, которые стали полагаться на эти ресурсы после спада занятости.KEYWORDS: COVID-19spatial inequalitiesrural poverty and vulnerabilityurban resilienceJEL: R20R23D60O18关键词: 新冠肺炎空间不平等农村贫穷和脆弱城市复原力PALABRAS CLAVE: COVID-19desigualdades espacialespobreza y vulnerabilidad ruralesresiliencia urbanaКлючевые слова: COVID-19пространственное неравенствосельская бедность и уязвимостьустойчивость городов DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. The NIDS was a national household survey conducted between 2008 and 2017 with a nationally representative sample of over 28,000 individuals and 7300 households. The NIDS-CRAM was a subsample of the NIDS 2017 population and collected data from 7074 adults in Wave 1 and 5676 adults in Wave 2. It was weighted and adjusted for non-response to represent the national population of the NIDS sample in 2017. Hence, the NIDS-CRAM reflects ‘outcomes for a broadly representative sample of those 15 years and older in 2017 who were followed up 3 years later’ (Kerr et al., Citation2020, p. 2). The NIDS-CRAM was conducted as a short 20-minute telephone survey, and each participant received a R20 airtime voucher per wave for participating.2. The NIDS-CRAM was a telephone survey and an individual’s self-reported address was used to derive their geographical type according to StatsSA’s classifications of sub-places. Hence, the precise coordinates of the location of the household could not be independently verified. This is unlikely to impact the results because we make use of only broad classifications between urban and rural areas. Another concern is the extent that the NIDS-CRAM might under- or over-sample segments of the population. Both the NIDS and NIDS-CRAM apply weights which are calibrated to improve representivity and explicitly include spatial controls. We also provide error bars owing to the sample size.3. The Community Survey 2016 asked individuals whether their household had run out of money to buy food in the past 12 months, whereas the NIDS-CRAM only asked about the past month. The much wider timeframes in the Community Survey means that the level of food poverty would be even lower in 2016 if individuals had been asked about the past month." @default.
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• W3124073340 title "Rural–urban inequalities amplified by COVID-19: evidence from South Africa" @default.
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• W3124073340 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/23792949.2020.1851143" @default.
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