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- W3124130132 abstract "ABSTRACTWe use order imbalance to investigate dynamic relations among intraday return, volatility and order imbalance of stock spinoffs. A GARCH model is employed to examine whether the larger order imbalance is associated with larger stock price volatility. We do not find a significant positive relation between them, which implies that market makers do a successful job of mitigating volatility on spinoffs. Moreover, we develop imbalance-based trading strategies and find they can beat open-to-close returns only in the 5-minutes time interval.JEL: G14, G34KEYWORDS: Spin-off, Order Imbalance, Market Efficiency, Volatility(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)INTRODUCTIONIn recent decades, many diversified firms have gone back to basics by focusing on their core business. A spinoff, defined as a pro-rata distribution of a share of the subsidiary to the original parent's stockholders, is a common way to sharpen focus. The majority of studies document significant positive abnormal stock returns around spinoff announcements (See Cusatis et al. 1993; Krishnaswami and Subramaniam, 1999; Mulherin and Boone, 2000; Huson and MacKinnon, 2003; Maxwell and Rao, 2003; and Son and Crabtree, 2011). Many papers also present evidence that spinoffs increase long-run shareholder value (e.g. Burch and Nanda, 2003; Ahn and Denis, 2004; Kim et al., 2008; Lin and Yung, 2013; Jordan et al., 2014). The above studies use daily data to explore the abnormal returns. To our knowledge, no existing study that explores the behavior of market microstructure on the announcement day of a spinoff. In this study, we use intraday transactions to examine convergence in spin-off market efficiency. We explore whether lagged stock order imbalances could be used to predict stock returns. According to Charoenwong et al. (2008), prior to the spinoff announcement, trading could be mainly initiated by insiders. Nonetheless, trading on the announcement day could be mainly initiated by uninformed traders, who could only trade the stocks after hearing the announcement day news.We employ a time-varying GARCH model to examine whether larger stock price volatility is positively associated with larger order imbalance. We develop an imbalance-based trading strategy, which is to buy the stock at the ask price just when the positive imbalance appears, and to sell the stock once the negative imbalance appears.This paper makes several contributions. First, on the announcement day of the spin-off, market makers can mitigate volatility from discretionary trades through inventory adjustments. Second, we investigate the relationship between order imbalances and returns as we explore the intraday dynamics that are essential in the convergence process of the spin-off announcement. The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. In the next section, we present a literature review. The following section provide a discussion of the data and methodology used. Next, we present the study results and close with some concluding comments.LITERATURE REVIEWThe literature presents several explanations of the value gains to spinoffs (short-run stock abnormal return or long-run shareholder value). First, parent firms divest unrelated divisions to sharpen their core business competence (Daley et al. 1997; Desai and Jain, 1999). Second, the management team of the parent enjoys increasing managerial efficiency, reducing potential misallocation of investment, improving operating performance, and eliminating negative synergies to mitigate the information asymmetry between managers and investors by allowing more accurate estimation of firm value (Schipper and Smith, 1983; Aim and Denis, 2004). Third, the wealth gains associated with spinoffs result from the correction of a prior mistake, which was an unprofitable earlier acquisition. A spinoff represents the undoing of that unwise takeover (Allen et al., 1995). In addition, transfer of wealth from bondholders to shareholders (Veld and VeldMerkoulova, 2004; Veld and Veld-Merkoulova, 2008), relaxing tax and regulatory burdens (Schipper and Smith, 1983), facilitation of a merger or takeover (Cusatis et al. …" @default.
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- W3124130132 date "2015-03-01" @default.
- W3124130132 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
- W3124130132 title "Evidence on the Speed of Convergence to Market Efficiency: Evidence from Stock Spin-Offs" @default.
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