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• W3124654213 abstract "Ultracold atoms uniformly filling an optical lattice can be treated like an artificial crystal. An implementation including the atomic occupation of a single excited atomic state can be represented by a two-component Bose-Hubbard model. Its phase diagram at zero temperature exhibits a quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator phase. The dynamics of electronic excitations governed by electrostatic dipole-dipole interactions in the ordered regime can be well described by wave-like collective excitations called excitons. Here we present an extensive study of such excitons for a wide range of optical lattice geometries and of different dimensionality including boundary effects in finite lattices. As they are coupled to the free space radiation field, their decay depends on the lattice geometry, polarization, and lattice constant. Their lifetimes can vary over many orders of magnitude from metastable propagation to superradiant decay. Particularly strong effects occur in one-dimensional atomic chains coupled to tapered optical fibers where free space emission can be completely suppressed and only a superradiant interaction with the fiber modes takes place. We show that coherent transfer of excitons among spatially separated optical lattices can be controlled and represents a promising candidate for quantum information transfer. For an optical lattice within a cavity the excitons are coupled to cavity photons and the resulting collective cavity QED model can be efficiently formulated in terms of polaritons as elementary excitations. Their properties are explicitly calculated for different lattices and they constitute a non-destructive monitoring tool for important system properties as e.g., the atomic quantum statistics. Even the formation of bound states and molecules in optical lattices manifests itself in modified polariton properties as e.g., an anisotropic optical spectrum. Partial dissipation of the exciton energy in the lattice leads to heating, which can be microscopically understood through a mechanism transferring atoms into higher Bloch bands via a resonant excitation transfer among neighboring lattice sites. The presence of lattice defects like vacancies in the Mott insulator induces a characteristic scattering of polaritons, which can be optically observed to monitor the lattice integrity. Our models can be applied to simulate and understand corresponding collective phenomena in solid crystals, where many effects are often masked by noise and disorder." @default.
• W3124654213 created "2021-02-01" @default.
• W3124654213 creator A5044186246 @default.
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• W3124654213 date "2013-01-01" @default.
• W3124654213 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W3124654213 title "Excitons and Cavity Polaritons for Optical Lattice Ultracold Atoms" @default.
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• W3124654213 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-408090-4.00003-7" @default.
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