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- W3125021701 abstract "Background Surgical and host factors predispose patients to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). While surgical factors are modifiable, host factors can be challenging, and there are limited data demonstrating that preoperative patient optimization decreases risk of PJI. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether extended oral antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the one-year infection rate in high-risk patients. Methods A total of 3855 consecutive primary THAs and TKAs performed between 2011 and 2019 at a suburban academic hospital with modern perioperative and infection-prevention protocols were retrospectively reviewed. Beginning in January 2015, a 7-day oral antibiotic prophylaxis protocol was implemented after discharge for patients at high risk for PJI. The percentage of high-risk patients diagnosed with PJI within 1 year was compared between groups that did and did not receive extended antibiotic prophylaxis. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed, with P ≤ .05 denoting statistical significance. Results Overall 1-year infection rates were 2.26% and 0.85% after THA and TKA, respectively. High-risk patients with extended antibiotic prophylaxis had a significantly lower rate of PJI than high-risk patients without extended antibiotic prophylaxis (0.89% vs 2.64%, respectively; P < .001). There was no difference in the infection rate between high-risk patients who received antibiotics and low-risk patients (0.89% vs 1.29%, respectively; P = .348) with numbers available. Conclusion Extended postoperative oral antibiotic prophylaxis for 7 days led to a statistically significant and clinically meaningful reduction in 1-year infection rates of patients at high risk for infection. In fact, the PJI rate in high-risk patients who received antibiotics was less than the rate seen in low-risk patients. Thus, extended oral antibiotic prophylaxis may be a simple measure to effectively counteract poor host factors. Moreover, the findings of this study may mitigate the incentive to select healthier patients in outcome-based reimbursement models. Further study with a multicenter randomized control trial is needed to further validate this protocol. Level of Evidence Therapeutic level III." @default.
- W3125021701 created "2021-02-01" @default.
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- W3125021701 creator A5063624135 @default.
- W3125021701 creator A5067387324 @default.
- W3125021701 creator A5068165838 @default.
- W3125021701 date "2021-07-01" @default.
- W3125021701 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W3125021701 title "The AAHKS Clinical Research Award: Extended Oral Antibiotics Prevent Periprosthetic Joint Infection in High-Risk Cases: 3855 Patients With 1-Year Follow-Up" @default.
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- W3125021701 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2021.01.051" @default.
- W3125021701 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33589279" @default.
- W3125021701 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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