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- W3125694432 abstract "Summary and Introduction This article provides an overview of the literature on best practices for designing retirement savings plans and providing financial education in the workplace. These two elements are critically important considerations for plan providers. Both must be carefully constructed to maximize the effectiveness of an employersponsored retirement savings program in helping participants build adequate funds for when their working career ends. Without a successful plan design, financial education will not be effective, and even a well-structured plan can fail to achieve retirement savings goals without financial education. The main components of a retirement savings program include options for enrollment, investment choices, employer matching of contributions, and distributions during the working career and at retirement. In addition, employees must be educated about the plan design and how it affects them. The core aspects of financial education are controlled by employers: the topics covered, the delivery methods used, the frequency with which it is offered, and its general availability. Financial education can be especially helpful to certain subgroups of the population, including minorities, women, and those with low income and education levels. This article is designed for use both by practitioners and academics seeking a broad overview of some of the significant issues that should be considered in designing a retirement savings program that counts the adequacy of long-term savings among participants as a goal.1 A large literature now exists on the effects of different plan designs and methods of education. The literature review is supplemented with information from the 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) to document the need for well-designed retirement savings programs and financial education. The SCF is a triennial survey on wealth and saving that is undertaken by the Federal Reserve Board in conjunction with the Statistics of Income (SOI) Division of the Internal Revenue Service (Kennickell 2006).2 The SCF data are intended to represent the financial characteristics of a subset of the household unit called a economic unit. This unit consists of an economically dominant single individual or couple (married or living as partners) in a household and all other individuals in the household who are financially interdependent with that individual or couple. In a primary economic unit with a mixed-sex couple, the male is considered the head of household; for samesex couples, the older individual is deemed the head of household.3 Data from the SCF cover a broad variety of demographic and financial characteristics, including saving behavior, account balances, and sources of investment advice. In recent years, there has been an increased policy focus on retirement savings programs offered by employers. These savings programs, which include 401(k), 403(b), Simplified Employee Pensions (SEP), and other plans, are referred to as defined contribution (DC) plans because account balances at retirement depend on employee and employer contributions and the performance of the worker's investments.4 These plans have largely replaced employer-sponsored defined benefit (DB) plans, which pay retirement benefits using formulas based on factors such as years of service and earnings. Indeed, projections from the Social Security Administration's Modeling Income in the Near Term (MINT) model indicate that current retirees will be the last group strongly dependent on DB pensions (Butrica, Iams, and Smith 2003/2004).5 For middle-income individuals born between 1926 and 1935, DB pensions will account for 20 percent of their income at age 67, compared with only 3 percent of income from retirement savings programs. For those born in the late part of the baby boom (1956-1964), the corresponding figures are 9 percent and 8 percent. The relative importance of retirement savings programs will increase only for post boomer retirees: among all workers today, only 20 percent participate in DB plans, compared with 43 percent in DC plans. …" @default.
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- W3125694432 date "2007-01-01" @default.
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- W3125694432 title "Effective retirement savings programs: design features and financial education." @default.
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