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• W3125984252 abstract "Catharsis, tragic pleasure, as Lessing (1978) observed, leading to purification-purgation of pity and fear; or to sublimation as moderns felt; or simply put, emotional stirring to activity of imagination drawing on hero's suffering, was proposed by Aristotle in his discourse on Poetics as ultimate goal of tragedy. On other hand, Rasa-sentiment, passion, savor, stimmung, aesthetic experience, poetic emotion-according to Abhinava Gupta, is brought about by union of permanent mood with vibhavas through realization of suggested and suggestor- vyangya vyanjaka bhava-in other words, pratiti, understanding of Rasa is indeed abhivyakti manifestation through power of synthesis, resulting in an extraordinary state of relish. Against this backdrop, an attempt has been made here to look at Bhavabhuti's Uttararamacarita-a play that portrays unbearable nature of separation from beloved person-from perspective of Aristotle's Poetics and Indian doctrine of Rasa.Bhavabhuti is one of those few erudite and defiant Sanskrit poets unappreciated during his life ti me. His genius however finds its ripeness in his play, Uttararamacarita (Later Life of Rama) that was crafted out of Ramayana with necessary modifications as demanded by theory of Rasa, somewhere in middle of 8th century. The Sanskrit alamkarikas (aesthetists) of medieval period, consider Uttararamacarita as one of greatest plays in Sanskrit as is reflected in traditional verdict: Uttare ramacarite bhavabhutirvisisyate- uniqueness of Bhavabhuti reflects in Uttararamacarita .Western scholars, however, have different opinion: Macdonell1 and Kale consider Uttararamacarita as more dramatic poem than play; and Wells states that it is a story altogether repellent to classical theories of drama in Western world. Bhandarkar2 too states that genius of Bhavabhuti is more of lyrical than of dramatic nature. Karmarkar (1954) considers Uttararamacarita as dramatic poem rather than drama, for there is no plot and action in play.It is said that Bhavabhuti was well versed in Vedic lore, Upanishads, Samkhya and Yoga systems (Kane and Joshi, 1962), which are incidentally said to be very roots of Sanskrit poetics-Natyasastra of Bharatamuni-besides being aware of literature on poetics that existed before him. Sanskrit scholars of medieval period consider Bhavabhuti supreme in depicting sentiment of karunarasa (compassion). He is considered to be unrivalled in his treatment of deep and tender human feelings. According to Bhavabhuti himself, Uttararamacarita is product of his mature intellect. Against this backdrop, we shall examine play from perspectives of Aristotle's dramaturgy and Indian Rasa doctrine.Seed of Plot: Skillfully IntroducedThe poet introduces seed of plot-abandonment of heroine-very skillfully right at beginning of play itself through an uneventful conversation between sutradhara, manager of play, and an actor of Ayodhya in prologue to play. The sutradhara, while waiting for king, says: Yadha strinam tatha vacham sadhutye durjanoe janah (Act I s. 5)-people are wicked vilifiers of chastity of women and purity of language. Responding to it, actor from Ayodhya says, you should say 'very wicked', for men speak evil of even queen, wife of Rama. Her staying in Ravana's house is root cause of this scandal and her undergoing fire ordeal is distrusted. Then sutradhara says, If this report reaches great king, then it would be tragic. The actor however, exudes confidence saying, the sages and gods will by all means bring about auspiciousness. This piece of conversation well prepares audience for likely introduction of slander about Sita, its tragic fallout, and its likely end in subham-happiness by grace of sages and gods.Beginning of Play: Rings an Impending CatastropheThe actual play in Act I begins with Rama, king, consoling Sita, his wife, who is grieving her father's setting off to Videha after having spent three days with them to rejoice in Rama's coronation, thus: Queen, take comfort, for necessity of-anustanam nityatvam-performing pr escribe d rites, indeed swatantrya mapakarshiti (Act I s. …" @default.
• W3125984252 created "2021-02-01" @default.
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• W3125984252 date "2014-03-01" @default.
• W3125984252 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W3125984252 title "Uttararamacarita of Bhavabhuti: Readings into Catharsis and Rasa" @default.
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