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• W3126021939 abstract "ABSTRACT Recently, municipalities have been investing large sums of money, as well as much bureaucratic and professional effort, into making their cities not only more treefull places, but also places that survey, measure, regulate, and manage their This article explores the transformation of the utilitarian discourse on which focuses on the benefits of and greenery, into a normative discourse whereby are not only considered good but are also represented as if they are, or should be, loved by everybody. This transformation is not only the result of top-down governmental policies. It is also a consequence of longstanding romantic views of nature in the city--especially in the American city--facilitated by environmental organizations, local communities, and individual activists. Importantly, the attribution of morality to tree practices masks the clandestine project of governing the urban population, and the governmental control of urban crime in particular. is disorder.... This disorder is alive. It informs. It surprises. (1) I. INTRODUCTION Greening the is currently a hot issue in the agenda of major cities worldwide. Trees are a significant aspect of this issue. Recently, municipalities have invested large sums of money, as well as much bureaucratic and professional effort, into making their cities not only more treefull places, but also places that survey, measure, regulate, and manage their City arborists and foresters provide a long list of ecological reasons to explain why are absolutely and impeccably good. However, the ecological benefits of are not what this article is about. Rather, it explores the transformation of the utilitarian discourse on which focuses on the benefits of and greenery, into a normative discourse whereby are not only considered good, but are also represented as loved by everybody. This transformation is not only the result of top-down governmental policies, but it is also a consequence of longstanding romanticist views of nature in the city, furthered by environmental organizations, local communities, and individual activists. Importantly, this normative admiration of serves also as a disciplinary means for governing urban society, and criminal conduct in particular. The urban is a unique space. It embodies the inner/outer divide so typical of modern life, (2) as well as the libertarian divide between and private. Specifically, this article examines the management of that are situated on city streets, commonly referred to as public trees, (3) or as public shade trees. (4) Since are also located in parks, cemeteries, gardens, and forests--none of which are the focus of this article--I prefer to use the term street trees here. Through focusing on the tree, this article examines the materialization of the public/private divide--sketching a picture of the production and management of the urban through its and noting the increased use of for policing. This article attempts to uncover the cultural and historical foundations that rest at the core of the American love of trees movement, and to then tie this movement to the recent increase in indirect spatial policing of city residents. It explores the properties of both from a property perspective and from the perspectives of class, race, and status. I suggest that the deeply rooted historical correlation between and status is the basis for the extremely useful role that perform in new modalities of governance. The love of trees narrative activates and unites subjects, thus forming a collective identity that undermines any other relationship to by defining such a relationship as uncivilized, and at times even criminal. A rivalry between criminals and is thereby established and then transformed into a detailed program of action. …" @default.
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• W3126021939 date "2008-09-22" @default.
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• W3126021939 title "“Everybody Loves Trees”: Policing American Cities Through Street Trees" @default.
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