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- W3126997098 abstract "Multiorgan failure may not be completely resolved among people living with HIV despite HAART use. Although the chances of organ dysfunction may be relatively low, alcohol may potentiate HIV-induced toxic effects in the organs of alcohol-abusing, HIV-infected individuals. The pancreas is one of the most implicated organs, which is manifested as diabetes mellitus or pancreatic cancer. Both alcohol and HIV may trigger pancreatitis, but the combined effects have not been explored. The aim of this review is to explore the literature for understanding the mechanisms of HIV and alcohol-induced pancreatotoxicity. We found that while premature alcohol-inducing zymogen activation is a known trigger of alcoholic pancreatitis, HIV entry through C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) into pancreatic acinar cells may also contribute to pancreatitis in people living with HIV (PLWH). HIV proteins induce oxidative and ER stresses, causing necrosis. Furthermore, infiltrative immune cells induce necrosis on HIV-containing acinar cells. When necrotic products interact with pancreatic stellate cells, they become activated, leading to the release of both inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and resulting in pancreatitis. Effective therapeutic strategies should block CCR5 and ameliorate alcohol’s effects on acinar cells." @default.
- W3126997098 created "2021-02-15" @default.
- W3126997098 creator A5026111070 @default.
- W3126997098 creator A5030553008 @default.
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- W3126997098 creator A5051120536 @default.
- W3126997098 creator A5067170057 @default.
- W3126997098 creator A5089241342 @default.
- W3126997098 date "2021-02-03" @default.
- W3126997098 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W3126997098 title "Pancreatogenic Diabetes: Triggering Effects of Alcohol and HIV" @default.
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