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- W3130366946 endingPage "161" @default.
- W3130366946 startingPage "161" @default.
- W3130366946 abstract "Invertebrates represent about 95% of existing species, and most of them belong to aquatic ecosystems. Marine invertebrates are found at intermediate levels of the food chain and, therefore, they play a central role in the biodiversity of ecosystems. Furthermore, these organisms have a short life cycle, easy laboratory manipulation, and high sensitivity to marine pollution and, therefore, they are considered to be optimal bioindicators for assessing detrimental chemical agents that are related to the marine environment and with potential toxicity to human health, including neurotoxicity. In general, albeit simple, the nervous system of marine invertebrates is composed of neuronal and glial cells, and it exhibits biochemical and functional similarities with the vertebrate nervous system, including humans. In recent decades, new genetic and transcriptomic technologies have made the identification of many neural genes and transcription factors homologous to those in humans possible. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and altered levels of neurotransmitters are some of the aspects of neurotoxic effects that can also occur in marine invertebrate organisms. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of major marine pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and micro and nano-plastics, with a focus on their neurotoxic effects in marine invertebrate organisms. This review could be a stimulus to bio-research towards the use of invertebrate model systems other than traditional, ethically questionable, time-consuming, and highly expensive mammalian models." @default.
- W3130366946 created "2021-03-01" @default.
- W3130366946 creator A5012609621 @default.
- W3130366946 creator A5047853000 @default.
- W3130366946 creator A5055089571 @default.
- W3130366946 creator A5058511175 @default.
- W3130366946 creator A5080483869 @default.
- W3130366946 creator A5086418563 @default.
- W3130366946 date "2021-02-18" @default.
- W3130366946 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W3130366946 title "Neurotoxicity in Marine Invertebrates: An Update" @default.
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