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• W3132215112 abstract "Chemicals and signaling molecules released by injured cells at the beginning of wound healing prompt inflammation. In diabetes, prolonged inflammation is one of the probable causes for delayed wound healing. Increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), interleukin–6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are associated with the inflammatory response and in diabetes, and increased levels of these contribute to chronic wounds that do not heal. Rising levels of cox-2, IL-6, and TNF-α have also been associated with increased oxidative stress. Photobiomodulation (PBM) may impact wound healing processes by affecting the signaling pathways and molecules pertinent to tissue repair. In the present study, the effect of PBM (wavelength: 660 nm; energy density: 5 J/cm2) on levels of cox-2, IL-6, and TNF-α was determined in fibroblast cell culture models. Four WS1 models (normal, normal wounded, diabetic, and diabetic wounded) were irradiated at 660 nm, and the culture media was collected at 0, 24, and 48 h postirradiation. Cells that were not irradiated (0 J/cm2) served as the controls. The following parameters were determined postirradiation: cell morphology using light microscopy, cell viability using the Trypan Blue exclusion assay, and levels of the inflammatory markers cox-2, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured using ELISA. Cell migration increased in the wounded groups over the 48 h interval after PBM; viability improved postirradiation in the diabetic wounded groups at 0 and 24 h ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M1> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.05</mn> </math> and <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M2> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.01</mn> </math> , respectively); levels of cox-2 decreased in normal and diabetic wounded groups at 0 h ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M3> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.001</mn> </math> ) and increased in the diabetic and diabetic wounded groups at 48 h postirradiation ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M4> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.05</mn> </math> and <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M5> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.01</mn> </math> , respectively), while levels of IL-6 decreased in the normal ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M6> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.01</mn> </math> ), diabetic ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M7> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.05</mn> </math> ), and diabetic wounded ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M8> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.001</mn> </math> ) groups at 24 h and in the diabetic and diabetic wounded groups at 48 h ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M9> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.05</mn> </math> ) postirradiation. TNF-α was decreased in the normal wounded groups ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M10> <mi>P</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.05</mn> </math> ) at 48 h. Through its effect on decreased IL-6 levels in diabetic cell models, PBM at 660 nm may be successful at decreasing oxidative stress; however, the present study also found an increase in cox-2 levels at 48 h postirradiation." @default.
• W3132215112 created "2021-03-01" @default.
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• W3132215112 date "2021-02-13" @default.
• W3132215112 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W3132215112 title "Levels of Cyclooxygenase 2, Interleukin-6, and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α in Fibroblast Cell Culture Models after Photobiomodulation at 660 nm" @default.
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• W3132215112 doi "https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6667812" @default.
• W3132215112 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7896847" @default.
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• W3132215112 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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