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- W3133692232 endingPage "183" @default.
- W3133692232 startingPage "141" @default.
- W3133692232 abstract "The discovery of nuclear receptors, particularly retinoid X receptors (RXR), and their involvement in numerous pathways related to development sparked interest in their immunomodulatory properties. Genetic models using deletion or overexpression of RXR and the subsequent development of several small molecules that are agonists or antagonists of this receptor support a promising therapeutic role for these receptors in immunology. Bexarotene was approved in 1999 for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Several other small molecule RXR agonists have since been synthesized with limited preclinical development, but none have yet achieved FDA approval. Cancer treatment has recently been revolutionized with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, but their success has been restricted to a minority of patients. This review showcases the emerging immunomodulatory effects of RXR and the potential of small molecules that target this receptor as therapies for cancer and other diseases. Here we describe the essential roles that RXR and partner receptors play in T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and epithelial cells, especially within the tumor microenvironment. Most of these effects are site and cancer type dependent but skew immune cells toward an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effect. This beneficial effect on immune cells supports the promise of combining rexinoids with approved checkpoint blockade therapies in order to enhance efficacy of the latter and to delay or potentially eliminate drug resistance. The data compiled in this review strongly suggest that targeting RXR nuclear receptors is a promising new avenue in immunomodulation for cancer and other chronic inflammatory diseases." @default.
- W3133692232 created "2021-03-15" @default.
- W3133692232 creator A5019578505 @default.
- W3133692232 creator A5021395533 @default.
- W3133692232 creator A5030611214 @default.
- W3133692232 creator A5079709739 @default.
- W3133692232 creator A5082773269 @default.
- W3133692232 date "2021-01-01" @default.
- W3133692232 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W3133692232 title "Potential therapeutic uses of rexinoids" @default.
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