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• W3133821625 abstract "<ns3:p><ns3:bold>Background</ns3:bold>: Turmeric is known as a natural remedy to improve the immunity of organisms. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of <ns3:italic>Clarias batrachus </ns3:italic>to<ns3:italic> Aeromonas hydrophila</ns3:italic>.</ns3:p><ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Methods:</ns3:bold> The study was conducted from May to August 2020. <ns3:italic>C. batrachus </ns3:italic>fingerlings, 7-8 cm total length (TL) and 4-5 g (BW) at baseline, were kept in 30 L aquaria (10 fishes/aquarium; three replicated/treatment). Commercial pellets were mixed with turmeric powder. There were five treatment groups: P0 (control, no turmeric); P1 (0.5 g turmeric per Kg of pellets); P2 (0.7 g/Kg); P3 (0.9 g/Kg); Pp (positive control). Thirty days after being feed with turmeric-enriched pellets, all groups of fish were infected with 0.1 ml (10<ns3:sup>8</ns3:sup>) of <ns3:italic>A. hydrophila</ns3:italic> suspension, intramuscularly. The P0 group did not receive injection, while Pp group were not fed with turmeric-enriched pellets but were infected with the bacteria. Fourteen days after infection, clinical signs and hematology of the fish were studied.</ns3:p><ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Results:</ns3:bold> Pp fish showed heavy clinical signs of <ns3:italic>A. hydrophila</ns3:italic><ns3:italic>,</ns3:italic> such as loss of balance, pigmentation, hemorrhages and ulcers. P0 fish did not show any symptoms, while the treated fish reveled some clinical signs of <ns3:italic>A. hydrophila</ns3:italic><ns3:italic> </ns3:italic>to a lesser extent than Pp, indicating that the fish is able to face the <ns3:italic>A. hydrophila</ns3:italic> attack. Hematology for Pp fish revealed high white blood cells, indicating that the fish were infected. The blood condition of the P0 fish, as well as those of the turmeric-treated fish were normal. In general, the P3 fish showed the least clinical signs of <ns3:italic>A. hydrophila </ns3:italic>and normal blood condition, indicating that P3 treatment is best.</ns3:p><ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Conclusion:</ns3:bold> The best turmeric dosage to improve the immunity of <ns3:italic>C. batrachus</ns3:italic> toward <ns3:italic>A</ns3:italic><ns3:italic>. hydrophila</ns3:italic> infection is 0.9 g/Kg pellets.</ns3:p>" @default.
• W3133821625 created "2021-03-15" @default.
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• W3133821625 date "2021-05-17" @default.
• W3133821625 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W3133821625 title "Effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of Clarias batrachus toward motile Aeromonas septicemia disease" @default.
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• W3133821625 doi "https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.28260.2" @default.
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