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- W3134775417 endingPage "1029" @default.
- W3134775417 startingPage "1016" @default.
- W3134775417 abstract "Insulin replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus seeks to minimise excursions in blood glucose concentration above or below the therapeutic range (hyper- or hypoglycaemia). To mitigate acute and chronic risks of such excursions, glucose-responsive insulin-delivery technologies have long been sought for clinical application in type 1 and long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Such 'smart' systems or insulin analogues seek to provide hormonal activity proportional to blood glucose levels without external monitoring. This review highlights three broad strategies to co-optimise mean glycaemic control and time in range: (1) coupling of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to delivery devices (algorithm-based 'closed-loop' systems); (2) glucose-responsive polymer encapsulation of insulin; and (3) mechanism-based hormone modifications. Innovations span control algorithms for CGM-based insulin-delivery systems, glucose-responsive polymer matrices, bio-inspired design based on insulin's conformational switch mechanism upon insulin receptor engagement, and glucose-responsive modifications of new insulin analogues. In each case, innovations in insulin chemistry and formulation may enhance clinical outcomes. Prospects are discussed for intrinsic glucose-responsive insulin analogues containing a reversible switch (regulating bioavailability or conformation) that can be activated by glucose at high concentrations." @default.
- W3134775417 created "2021-03-15" @default.
- W3134775417 creator A5025184781 @default.
- W3134775417 creator A5037050860 @default.
- W3134775417 creator A5043547564 @default.
- W3134775417 creator A5076264613 @default.
- W3134775417 creator A5083917358 @default.
- W3134775417 date "2021-03-12" @default.
- W3134775417 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W3134775417 title "‘Smart’ insulin-delivery technologies and intrinsic glucose-responsive insulin analogues" @default.
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