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- W3135440787 abstract "Co-infections with ectoparasites and bacteria commonly occur in fish farms and are associated with high mortality. In March 2020, a private Nile tilapia ( Oreochromus niloticus ) farm in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, experienced high fish mortality, and the clinically diseased fish were characterized by lethargy, abnormal swimming behavior, loss of appetite, skin hemorrhages, exophthalmia, and abdominal distension. Laboratory parasitological and bacteriological examinations of the diseased fish revealed concurrent infections with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis , Trichodina centrostrigeata , and Aeromonas hydrophila . Pathological findings indicated severe gill and skin infections with I. multifiliis and T. centrostrigeata associated with necrosis, hemorrhages, and depletion of the hemopoietic organs, as well as cardiac inflammation. Peracetic acid (PAA) was applied as a strong oxidizing antimicrobial disinfectant, and in vitro evaluation showed that 5 ppm achieved 5-log reductions in the viable colony count of A. hydrophila after a contact time of 5 min and 1.076 ppm represented the 4-h 50% lethal concentration (LC50) for the infective stage of I. multifiliis (theronts). The continuous exposure of culture water to 1 mg L −1 PAA for 1 week followed by periodical use of PAA at the same concentration twice per week was effective in eradicating the ciliated protozoans, reducing the aerobic bacterial density in water, ameliorating the pathological alterations, restoring the fish health, and reducing the mortality rate by up to 15%. Thus, the use of PAA to treat I. multifiliis and T. centrostrigeata reduces the infection by A. hydrophila in Nile tilapia and improves their survivability. • Parasitism of Nile tilapia with I. multifiliis and Trichodina spp. increased the severity of A. hydrophila infection and associated with high mortality rate. • 5 ppm of per acetic acid (PAA) achieved 5-log reduction in the viable colony count of A. hydrophila after 5 min contact time. • 1.076 ppm of PAA represented the 4 h 50% lethal concentration for the infective stage of I. multifiliis (theronts). • Continuous exposure of the infected farm to 1 ppm of PAA for 1 week was effective to eradicate the ciliated protozoa, decrease the microbial load in water, reduced the load of A. hydrophila in fish tissues, improving the survivability. • There was no evidence of ciliated protozoa after treatment." @default.
- W3135440787 created "2021-03-15" @default.
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- W3135440787 date "2021-05-01" @default.
- W3135440787 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W3135440787 title "Peracetic acid treatment of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora: Ichthyophthiriidae) and Trichodina spp. reduces the infection by Aeromonas hydrophila and improves survival in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)" @default.
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- W3135440787 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736591" @default.
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