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• W3136385136 abstract "The principal focus of this work was the dissection of the humoral immune response against the murine cytomegalovirus (mCMV). mCMV was chosen, because it can be considered a model system for the infection and pathogenesis of the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV). An infection with hCMV is currently the most frequent vertically transmitted infectious disease. Many newborns suffer from long-term medical conditions caused by hCMV infection. hCMV infection is also a leading cause of serious complications, morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed transplant recipients or AIDS patients. The analysis of the humoral immune response directed against viral glycoproteins, above all against glycoprotein B (gB), was of particular interest. The problem was addressed with two different approaches. Firstly, monoclonal antibodies were generated from B-cells of infected mice using the hybridoma technique. These antibodies were then analyzed for their antiviral potential in vitro, that is, their capability to inhibit infection of susceptible target cells in cell culture. Many isolated antibodies were able to neutralize mCMV in vitro. Most of the antibodies, however, were non-neutralizing. We further successfully identified the target structures of antiviral antibodies. The majority of neutralizing antibodies was directed against antigenic domains on gB. One antiviral antibody that was extraordinarily potent in vitro recognized yet another envelope glycoprotein, gN. The 3D structure of gB had been modeled computationally. A structural domain shown therein was demonstrated to comprise the epitope of a virus neutralizing antibody, which was isolated in this work. In addition, the epitope of another antiviral antibody was identified. Its homologous domain in hCMV (AD-1) has been described to be highly immunogenic. When determining the seropositivity rate against the two domains, the AD-1 homologous domain was demonstrated to be recognized by 100% of mCMV infected animals. DomII was also highly immunogenic. 90% of all infected mice mounted antibody responses against DomII. These findings correspond to the immune response of hCMV infected individuals against these domains. In vivo experiments focused on one DomII-specific antibody with neutralizing activity (1F11) and one non-neutralizing AD-1-specific antibody (5F12). Additionally the in vivo antiviral activity of the gN-specific antibody (32.22) was analyzed. All three antibodies were found to transfer protection against lethal challenge with mCMV when present at the time of infection. It is even possible, that sterilizing immunity was provided. Moreover, the neutralizing antibodies achieved a reduction of the viral load in mice with an already established infection. Thus, in this study for first time mCMV-specific antibodies with known protein targets were isolated that are able to protect against infection with mCMV. The second approach focused on the immunization with the described immunogenic domains of gB. For this, DomII and AD-1 were prokaryotically expressed as GST fusion proteins and purified. Mice were immunized in a prime-boost fashion and the immune response towards these antigens was monitored. Both proteins induced specific antibodies following vaccination. DomII was shown to be particularly immunogenic. The induced antibodies, however, were not able to prevent the infection of susceptible target cells in vitro. Also, the transfer of DomII-specific B-cells or a specific serum pool did not provide protection against infection in vivo. The immunization with UV-inactivated mCMV, on the other hand, led to the induction of antibodies with antiviral activity. This shows that protective immunity against mCMV infection can be induced. It will be the concern of future studies to modify the candidate vaccines in a way that they prompt protective antibody titers." @default.
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• W3136385136 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W3136385136 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W3136385136 title "Protection from Cytomegalovirus Infection by Glycoprotein-specific Monoclonal Antibodies" @default.
• W3136385136 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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