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• W3136703321 abstract "Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are collectively the most commonly diagnosed pediatric neurodevelopmental condition. ASDs include autism, pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), Rett syndrome and Asperger disorder. ASD is characterized by impaired communication and social interaction and may involve developmental delays and seizure disorders. Recent parent-reported diagnosis of ASD in the United States put it at higher levels (1:91) than previously thought, with its diagnosis in boys occurring 4 to 5 times more frequently than in girls (1:58).(1) CDC estimates are currently 1:110;(1) up from 1:150 in 2007.(2) Annual medical expenditures for those affected are generally four to six times greater than for those without ASD.(1) While twin studies demonstrate that genetics play a significant role in ASD, the impact of environment should not be underestimated, given the approximate 20-fold increase in incidence over the last 20 years.(3.) 自闭症谱系障碍 (Autism spectrum disorders, ASD) 是最常见 的小儿神经发育疾病。ASD 包括 自闭症、广泛性发育障碍 - 不另 行举例 (PDD -NOS)、雷特综合征 和亚氏保加症。ASD 的病征包括 沟通和社交互动障碍，并可能伴 有发育迟缓和癫痫发作。近期， 美国境内由父母报告的 ASD 诊断 病例上升至更高水平 (1:91)，高 于先前估计，男孩的诊断病例通 常比女孩 (1:58) 多 4 到 5 倍 。1 CDC 估计量目前为 1:110；比 2007 年的 1:150 提高 1。2 治疗 此类患者的年度医疗开支比未患 有 ASD 的患者高出 4 到 6 倍。1 虽然孪生儿童研究表明基因对 ASD 起重要作用，但是，考虑到 过去 20 年中疾病发生率增加大 约 20 倍，环境的影响不应被低 估。3.Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) son, en su conjunto, una de las enfermedades pediátricas del desarrollo neurológico diagnosticadas con más frecuencia. Los TEA incluyen el autismo, el trastorno generalizado del desarrollo no especificado (TGD-NE), el síndrome de Rett y el síndrome de Asperger. Los TEA se caracterizan por los problemas de comunicación y de interacción social y pueden incluir retrasos del desarrollo y trastornos convulsivos. Según la información aportada recientemente por progenitores en relación con el diagnóstico de TEA en Estados Unidos, el diagnóstico de TEA se sitúa en niveles superiores (1:91) de lo que se creía previamente; el diagnóstico en varones es de 4 a 5 veces más frecuente que en mujeres (1:58).1 Los CDC calculan que en la actualidad es de 1:110;1 hasta 1:150 en 2007.2 Los gastos médicos anuales de los afectados son, por lo general, de cuatro a seis veces superiores a los de los que no padecen TEA.1 Mientras que estudios en gemelos muestran que la genética desempeña un papel fundamental en los TEA, el efecto del entorno no debe infravalorarse, dado el aumento de la incidencia, que aproximadamente se ha multiplicado por 20 a lo largo de los últimos 20 años.3." @default.
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• W3136703321 date "2012-09-01" @default.
• W3136703321 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W3136703321 title "Autism Spectrum Disorders" @default.
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• W3136703321 doi "https://doi.org/10.7453/gahmj.2012.1.4.010" @default.
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