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- W3137191681 abstract "For many species, learning is an important component in navigating complex landscapes during migration. Although much progress has been made in recent years in understanding the flexibility of selecting and navigating complex habitats, the importance of behavioural plasticity during migratory activity remains particularly unclear as empirical support is often difficult to acquire due to the difficulties of controlling, manipulating and tracking wild animals during migration. To directly address the possible role of behavioural plasticity in migratory navigation, we behaviourally manipulated eastern painted turtles, Chrysemys picta , which migrate long distances annually using the same precise, complex routes learnt during a juvenile critical period (prior to age 4 years). We conducted a series of field experiments under different seasonal, contextual and experiential conditions across ontogeny to test the hypotheses that adults use fixed spatial memory based on cognitive experiences that occur prior to age 4 years and that juveniles remain plastic until age 4 years. We found high plasticity in migration route use in juvenile turtles, with juvenile turtles able to follow any route with high precision, irrespective of the route, season or direction. Experienced adults, on the other hand, were only able to use their own route; they were unable to use routes with which they had no prior experience. This pattern was consistent across seasons and was independent of the direction of movement. Inexperienced, translocated adults were unable to navigate any route in any direction during any season. Together, these results are consistent with numerous studies of large-scale migration as well as patterns observed in other learning systems (e.g. song learning) where plasticity is restricted to a critical period. Future studies should examine the mechanisms behind this apparent migratory plasticity and their implications for understanding how animals respond to and navigate through complex environments. • We examined behavioural plasticity in migratory navigation of painted turtles, Chrysemys picta. • Juveniles (<4 years old) showed high plasticity in migration route use. • Adults successfully navigated only their own routes. • Translocated adults failed to navigate successfully under any set conditions. • Our results are consistent with plasticity being restricted to a critical period." @default.
- W3137191681 created "2021-03-29" @default.
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- W3137191681 date "2021-04-01" @default.
- W3137191681 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3137191681 title "My way is the highway: the role of plasticity in learning complex migration routes" @default.
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- W3137191681 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.02.005" @default.
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