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- W3144055861 abstract "o h a e T a i m e therosclerosis is a disease of the cardiovascular system hat results in occlusive pathology of the arterial system nd is the most common cause of morbidity and morality in the United States. Myocardial infarction and troke alone are responsible for approximately 70% of all ortality. The atherosclerotic process is initiated by enothelial cell activation, which triggers a cascade of vents that leads to the release of cytokines, migration nd proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and ventual fibrous plaque formation. These fibrous laques may enlarge and occlude the vessel lumen or ecome disrupted, causing stroke, myocardial infarcion, peripheral gangrene, or loss of limb function. The major risk factors for the development of atheroclerosis include hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes ellitus, tobacco smoking, obesity, and hyperhomocyseinemia. Although these risk factors for atherosclerosis re similar for both men and women, men tend to manfest clinical complications by 55 to 64 years of age, hich is 10 to 15 years earlier than women. Women have low incidence of heart disease before menopause, after hich it rises to levels similar to those of men by 65 to 74 ears of age. Several theories have been put forth exlaining this phenomenon. For example, some studies ave shown that increased iron and ferritin stores result n higher rates of atherosclerosis in men. This theory sserts that menstruating women have lower iron stores, hich decrease the amount of lipid oxidation that the essels are exposed to. Another theory asserts that, anaomically, women have a higher outflow to inflow ratio, hich portends more favorable flow characteristics and, hereby, results in lower atherosclerotic disease rates in remenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, it" @default.
- W3144055861 created "2021-04-13" @default.
- W3144055861 creator A5073877314 @default.
- W3144055861 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W3144055861 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3144055861 title "o Estrogen Effects on Blood Vessels Translate into linically Significant Atheroprotection" @default.
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