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- W3144320317 abstract "Abstract Energy fluxes were measured by using the eddycovariance system plus an automatic weather station at thedebris-covered area on Koxkar Glacier from March toAugust, 2009. The coldest month of the glacier was Jan-uary, and air temperature reached a maximum in July andAugust. Wind velocity at 2.0 m was higher in summer andlower in winter as a whole. Precipitation was concentratedfrom May to September and accounted for about 80 % ofthe total. Daily latent heat fluxes were higher than dailysensible heat fluxes during the observation period. Themain reason for higher latent heat fluxes from March toApril was snow cover. From June to August, latent heatfluxes during the daytime were limited by surface watercontent, and were lower than sensible heat fluxes, but latentheat fluxes were higher than sensible heat fluxes duringsummer nights because of air convection in the debrislayer. Summer evaporation was higher than in the spring,and evaporation was 53.7 % of the precipitation from 19June to 23 August. The Bowen ratio ranged from -2.0 to2.0 at the site.Keywords Eddy covariance system Snow cover Precipitation Evaporation Bowen ratioIntroductionGlaciers are considered highly sensitive to climate changeand deserve attention in the context of both global changeand regional water supply (Kaser et al. 1996; Brock et al.2010). Many glacier ablation zones are mantled in near-continuous blanket of rock debris, such as the Tien Shan,Karakoram, Kunlun, Himalaya and Hengduan ranges(Zhang et al. 2011). Supraglacial debris cover on glaciersinfluences ablation regime of underlying ice by altering thesurface energy balance and imposing a barrier between theatmosphere and ice (Nicholson and Benn 2013). There is arelationship between supraglacial debris thickness and icemelt rate (Zhang et al. 2011). Very shallow layers of debrisenhance melt rates by lowering surface albedo, and thickerlayers suppress melt rates by reducing the amount of sur-face heat conducted to the ice (Reid et al. 2012; Brock et al.2010). Also, it was found that surface topography, such asslope and aspect, has an influence on total ablation (Mi-halcea et al. 2006).To project the response of glaciers to climate change, itis important to realistically describe the interactionbetween atmosphere and glacier surface (Giesen et al.2008). Several studies have been devoted to debris-coveredglaciers, to improve the understanding of the water-heatprocesses and their role in runoff from mountain regions(Mihalcea et al. 2006). Models about debris-covered gla-ciers were developed to describe how debris affects glacier" @default.
- W3144320317 created "2021-04-13" @default.
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- W3144320317 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W3144320317 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3144320317 title "The surface energy budget on the debris-covered Koxkar Glacier in China" @default.
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