Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3148670094> ?p ?o ?g. }
Showing items 1 to 63 of
63
with 100 items per page.
- W3148670094 abstract "This paper examines Japan’s aid sanctions policy toward African countries since new guidelines for Japanese ODA were introduced. There were three cases of positive reinforcement in Africa, i.e. in Madagascar, Zambia) and Guinea. Also, the Japanese government implemented nine negative reinforcements in the region, i.e. in Kenya, Zaire, Malawi, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Zambia, Togo, Nigeria and Gambia. Although Japan applied positive reinforcement and provided additional foreign aid to assist the political and economic reforms in three African countries, it would be an oversimplification to say that these “positive reinforcement” methods have effectively contributed to the improvement of the political situations in these countries. On the other hand, whether Japan’s and other aid donors’ measures of the “negative reinforcement” have effectively contributed to the improvement of the political situation in African countries remains as a contentious issue." @default.
- W3148670094 created "2021-04-13" @default.
- W3148670094 creator A5004170253 @default.
- W3148670094 date "2007-01-01" @default.
- W3148670094 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W3148670094 title "Japan’s foreign aid sanctions policy toward African countries" @default.
- W3148670094 hasPublicationYear "2007" @default.
- W3148670094 type Work @default.
- W3148670094 sameAs 3148670094 @default.
- W3148670094 citedByCount "0" @default.
- W3148670094 crossrefType "posted-content" @default.
- W3148670094 hasAuthorship W3148670094A5004170253 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C2778069335 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C2778137410 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C3018567284 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C47768531 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C50522688 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C93377909 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C138885662 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C162324750 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C17744445 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C199539241 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C2778069335 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C2778137410 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C3018567284 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C41895202 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C47768531 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C50522688 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C93377909 @default.
- W3148670094 hasConceptScore W3148670094C94625758 @default.
- W3148670094 hasLocation W31486700941 @default.
- W3148670094 hasOpenAccess W3148670094 @default.
- W3148670094 hasPrimaryLocation W31486700941 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W1495830410 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W1550299928 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W1834977466 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W1850368089 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W1980754922 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W204799724 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2259409639 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2280935824 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2281268062 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W246484375 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2475680918 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2618525591 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2803701162 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2886869445 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2951644230 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2953899293 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2954390240 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W2989445015 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W3082080987 @default.
- W3148670094 hasRelatedWork W3124101814 @default.
- W3148670094 isParatext "false" @default.
- W3148670094 isRetracted "false" @default.
- W3148670094 magId "3148670094" @default.
- W3148670094 workType "article" @default.