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• W3149043607 abstract "HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 10First Report of Diaporthe amygdali Associated with Twig Canker and Shoot Blight of Nectarine in Spain PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Diaporthe amygdali Associated with Twig Canker and Shoot Blight of Nectarine in SpainF. Beluzán, D. Olmo, M. León, P. Abad-Campos, and J. ArmengolF. BeluzánInstituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, SpainSearch for more papers by this author, D. OlmoLaboratori de Sanitat Vegetal, Serveis de Millora Agrària, Conselleria d’Agricultura, Medi Ambient i Territori, Govern Balear, Palma de Mallorca, SpainSearch for more papers by this author, M. Leónhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-6988Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, SpainSearch for more papers by this author, P. Abad-CamposInstituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, SpainSearch for more papers by this author, and J. Armengol†Corresponding author: J. Armengol; E-mail Address: jarmengo@eaf.upv.eshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3815-8578Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, SpainSearch for more papers by this author AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations F. Beluzán1 D. Olmo2 M. León1 P. Abad-Campos1 J. Armengol1 † 1Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain 2Laboratori de Sanitat Vegetal, Serveis de Millora Agrària, Conselleria d’Agricultura, Medi Ambient i Territori, Govern Balear, Palma de Mallorca, Spain Published Online:22 Oct 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2283-PDNAboutSectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Nectarine (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch var. nucipersica [Suckow] C. K. Schneid.) is a fruit crop widely cultivated throughout the Mediterranean basin. In Spain, it is mainly grown in eastern regions of the country. In March 2018, 5-year-old nectarine trees showing twig canker symptoms were observed after a rainy spring period in a 0.5-ha orchard located at Alaior, Menorca island (Spain). Cankers were frequent on affected trees (approximately 80% of the total trees), thus leading to shoot blight. Ten twig segments of 1-year-old wood with cankers were cut, washed under running tap water, surface disinfected for 1 min in a 1.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, and rinsed twice in sterile distilled water. Small pieces (2 mm) of affected tissues were taken from the margin of the cankers and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with 0.5 g/liter of streptomycin sulfate. The plates were then incubated at 25°C in the dark for 7 to 10 days. Actively growing colonies were first hyphal-tipped and then transferred to PDA and 2% water agar supplemented with sterile pine needles and incubated at 21 to 22°C under a 12-h/12-h near-UV/darkness cycle for 21 days (León et al. 2020). Colonies were white at first, becoming light cream, with visible solitary and aggregate pycnidia at maturity. Alpha conidia were aseptate, fusiform, hyaline, and multiguttulated (mean ± SD = 7.4 ± 0.7 × 2.8 ± 0.4 µm, n = 100). Beta and gamma conidia were not observed. The morphological and cultural characteristics of the isolates were congruent with those of Diaporthe spp. (Gomes et al. 2013). The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) region and fragments of β-tubulin (tub2), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α) gene regions, histone H3 (his3), and calmodulin (cal) genes of representative isolate DAL-59 were amplified and sequenced (Santos et al. 2017). BLASTn analysis revealed 100% similarity with sequences of Diaporthe mediterranea (synonym D. amygdali) (Hilário et al. 2021) isolate DAL-34 from almond (ITS, MT007489; tub2, MT006686; tef1-α, MT006989; his3, MT007095; and cal, MT006761). Sequences of isolate DAL-59 were deposited in GenBank database (ITS, MT007491; tub2, MT006688; tef1-α, MT006991; his3, MT007097; and cal, MT006763). Pathogenicity tests were conducted using 1-year-old potted plants of nectarine cultivar Boreal, which were inoculated with isolate DAL-59. In each plant, a 3-mm wound was made in the center of the main branch (about 30-cm length) with a scalpel. Colonized agar plugs with 3-mm diameter, which were obtained from active 10-day-old colonies growing on PDA, were inserted underneath the epidermis and the wounds sealed with Parafilm. Inoculated plants were incubated in a growth chamber at 23°C with 12 h of light per day. Controls were inoculated with uncolonized PDA plugs. There were 12 plants per treatment, which were arranged in a completely randomized design. Five days after inoculation necrosis development was observed in the area of inoculation. Wilting and twig blight symptoms over the lesion occurred 3 weeks after inoculation, and pycnidia were detected, whereas the controls remained asymptomatic. D. amygdali was reisolated from symptomatic tissues and identified as described above to satisfy Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D. amygdali causing twig canker and shoot blight disease on nectarine in Spain.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Gomes, R. R., et al. 2013. Persoonia 31:1. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158513X666844 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarHilário, S., et al. 2021. Fungal Biol. 125:505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2021.01.006 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarLeón, M., et al. 2020. Agronomy (Basel) 10:1062. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081062 Crossref, Google ScholarSantos, L., et al. 2017. PeerJ 5:e3120. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3120 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 10 October 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionPycnidia of Leptosphaeria biglobosa formed on a necrotic tissue of a blighted leaf petiole of Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (C. Yu et al.). Photo credit: C. Yu. Panicle blast of rice from a site in sub-Saharan Africa (S. K. Mutiga et al.). Photo credit: V. Were. Symptoms of bud soft rot on agave caused by Pantoea dispersa (F. Palemón-Alberto et al.). Photo credit: S. Ortega-Acosta. Metrics Downloaded 729 times Article History Issue Date: 28 Dec 2021Published: 22 Oct 2021First Look: 29 Mar 2021Accepted: 24 Mar 2021 Page: 3300 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfungibranchpathogen detectionThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF download" @default.
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