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- W3149781285 abstract "In the present paper, we explore the manner in which nonlinearities modulate El Nino events by investi- gating the optimal precursory disturbance for El Nino events in the Zebiak-Cane model. The initial anomalies of conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations (CNOPs) and linear singular vectors (LSVs) are investigated. The CNOPs evolve into stronger El Nino events than the LSVs and act as the optimal precursor for El Nino events. By examining the role of nonlinearities in El Nino events induced by CNOPs and LSVs, we determined that, when the initial anomalies of the CNOP and LSV structures are large, the nonlinearities enhance CNOP-El Nino events but suppress LSV-El Nino events. Nonlinearities in the Zebiak- Cane model arise from nonlinear temperature advection (NTA), sub-surface temperature parameterization (STP), and wind stress anomalies (WSA). Using these types of nonlinearities, we trace the approach of the nonlinearities modulating the CNOP- and LSV-El Nino events. The results demonstrate that nonlinearities that originate from NTA enhance both CNOP-El Nino events and LSV-El Nino events, while nonlinearities originating from STP and WSA suppress these events. For the CNOP-El Nino events, the enhancement effect of NTA is larger than the suppression effect of STP and WSA, resulting in the combined effect of the nonlinearities in the Zebiak-Cane model being an enhancement of the CNOP-El Nino events. However, for the LSV-El Nino events, the enhancement effect of NTA is smaller than the suppression effect of WSA and STP. Consequently, the combined effect of the nonlinearities in the Zebiak-Cane model suppresses the LSV-El Nino events." @default.
- W3149781285 created "2021-04-13" @default.
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- W3149781285 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W3149781285 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3149781285 title "Behaviors of nonlinearities modulating the El Nino events induced by optimal precursory disturbances" @default.
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