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• W3150459069 abstract "Sir—A manuscript entitled ‘Production of organic acids from fermentation of mannitol, fructooligosaccharides and inulin by a cholesterol removing Lactobacillus acidophilus strain’ by M.T. Liong and N.P. Shah has recently been published in the Journal of Applied Microbiology 2005; 99:783–793. Surprisingly, the production of butyric acid and propionic acid by pure cultures of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4962 was reported, leading to questions concerning the accuracy of organic acid determination. It is well known that the main metabolic end-product of carbohydrate metabolism by lactobacilli is lactic acid, while acetic acid, formic acid, succinic acid, ethanol and CO2 can also be produced (Axelsson 2004). It has been demonstrated that in lactococci mixed-acid fermentation can take place under sugar-limiting and/or anaerobic conditions, leading to the production of lactic acid, acetic acid, formic acid and ethanol (Thomas et al. 1979; Melchiorsen et al. 2002). Recently, a shift in the production of organic acids by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains when grown on oligofructose or inulin, has been reported (Van der Meulen et al. 2004; Makras et al. 2005). An increased production of acetic acid, formic acid and ethanol, at the cost of lactic acid, was observed. However, production of butyric acid or propionic acid by lactobacilli has never been reported, neither has a pathway been identified to do so in lactic acid bacteria. Errors caused by misidentification of organic acids in the chromatograms and maybe by erroneous allocation of single peaks to organic acid standards – without the use of the appropriate controls – may have contributed to the organic acid production patterns reported by the authors. Moreover, the results on the production of organic acids by pure cultures of L. acidophilus ATCC 4962 were compared with previous reports on mixed faecal slurry fermentations and in vivo studies. Indeed, carbohydrate fermentation in the human colon leads to the production of short-chain fatty acids, including butyric acid and propionic acid (Cummings et al. 2001; Macfarlane and Macfarlane 2003). However, butyric acid is not formed by lactobacilli or bifidobacteria, which produce mainly lactic acid and acetic acid. It can be produced by acetate- and/or lactate-converting colon bacteria (Pryde et al. 2002; Bourriaud et al. 2005). Such butyrate-forming colon bacteria (e.g. Eubacterium hallii, Anaerostipes caccae and Roseburia intestinalis) and their physiological role have been described recently (Barcenilla et al. 2000; Duncan et al. 2004a,b). Propionic acid can be formed by decarboxylation of succinic acid, the latter being the main metabolic end-product of Bacteroides strains (Macfarlane and Macfarlane 2003). These reports were completely ignored by the authors in the discussion of their results which will further mislead the reader. In conclusion, we believe that the apparent omissions mentioned above and the results on the production of propionic acid and butyric acid by a Lactobacillus strain, which are contradictory to many previous scientific publications, reduce the quality and the scientific equity of the paper." @default.
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• W3150459069 date "2006-06-01" @default.
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• W3150459069 title "Letter to the Editor" @default.
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• W3150459069 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02943.x" @default.
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