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• W3154698933 endingPage "130612" @default.
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• W3154698933 abstract "The increasingly common remedial application of nanoscale zero-valent iron ( n ZVI) to alleviate specific contaminant issues may inadvertently lead to n ZVI accumulation in wastewater. This is a potential concern, because the effect of n ZVI on the common microbes essential for wastewater biotreatment is not known. This is further complicated when there are many ways available to synthesize n ZVI, which may interreact with bacteria differently. Thus, in this study, the different effects of n ZVI synthesized by Eucalyptus leaves (EL- n ZVI) and a commercially synthesized n ZVI on the biodegradation of crystal violet by Burkholderia vietnamiensis C09V ( B.V. C09V) was studied. At high dose (1000 mg/L), EL- n ZVI and commercial n ZVI both significantly inhibited the removal of crystal violet by B.V. C09V, decreasing removal rates by 10.5 and 13.1% respectively. Optical density (OD 600 ) and soluble protein assays indicated that the growth of B.V. C09V improved under low doses (100 mg/L), but remained inhibited under high doses (500 and 1000 mg/L) of both commercial and EL- n ZVI. Enzymes were also sensitive to n ZVI, where the commercial variant exerted a greater effect on both the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) than EL- n ZVI, indicating that EL- n ZVI was less toxic than commercial n ZVI. LIVE/DEAD staining also showed that the number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher when exposed to commercial n ZVI rather than EL- n ZVI. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that direct contact between n ZVI and cells at 1000 mg/L n ZVI caused cell membrane disruption. Whereas, at 100 mg/L EL- n ZVI, B.V. C09V grew better due to the formation of dense biofilms around the suspended EL- n ZVI at a. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), confirmed an abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of EL- n ZVI which provided better biocompatibility than commercial n ZVI. Overall, while dose was the most significant factor influencing n ZVI toxicity, surface composition and morphology was also important. These new findings suggest chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles should be replaced by biosynthetic routes to maintain viable microbial pollution during wastewater treatment. • n ZVI impacted the growth of B.V C09V and hence the biodegradation efficiency. • At low nZVI dose (100 mg/L) bacterial biodegradation of dye was enhanced. • At high nZVI dose (1000 mg/L) the bacterial biodegradation of dye was decreased. • EL- n ZVI was generally less toxic than commercial n ZVI." @default.
• W3154698933 created "2021-04-26" @default.
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• W3154698933 date "2021-09-01" @default.
• W3154698933 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
• W3154698933 title "Effects of green synthesized and commercial nZVI on crystal violet degradation by Burkholderia vietnamiensis C09V: Dose-dependent toxicity and biocompatibility" @default.
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• W3154698933 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130612" @default.
• W3154698933 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34134414" @default.
• W3154698933 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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