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- W3155289301 endingPage "690" @default.
- W3155289301 startingPage "690" @default.
- W3155289301 abstract "The diagnosis of benign and malignant soft tissue and bone neoplasms is a challenging area of surgical pathology, due to the large number, rarity, and histologic diversity of tumor types. In recent years, diagnosis and classification has been aided substantially by our growing understanding of recurrent molecular alterations in these neoplasms. Concurrently, the role of diagnostic immunohistochemistry has also expanded, with the development of numerous biomarkers based on underlying molecular events. Such biomarkers allow us to infer the presence of these events and can therefore substitute for other ancillary molecular genetic techniques (e.g., fluorescence in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing). In this review, we discuss a range of biomarkers currently available for these neoplasms, highlighting the accuracy, staining characteristics, and interpretation pitfalls of each antibody. These include immunohistochemical antibodies that represent reliable surrogates for the detection of gene fusions (e.g., STAT6, CAMTA1, FOSB, DDIT3) and more recently described breakpoint-specific antibodies (e.g., SS18-SSX, PAX3/7-FOXO1). Additionally, discussed are markers that correlate with the presence of gene amplifications (e.g., MDM2, CDK4), deletions (e.g., SMARCB1, SMARCA4), single nucleotide variants (e.g., G34W, K36M), aberrant methylation (H3K27me3), and increased expression as discovered through gene expression profiling (e.g., MUC4, DOG1, ETV4, NKX2.2, NKX3.1)." @default.
- W3155289301 created "2021-04-26" @default.
- W3155289301 creator A5017340351 @default.
- W3155289301 creator A5085399720 @default.
- W3155289301 date "2021-04-12" @default.
- W3155289301 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W3155289301 title "Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry of Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors: An Update on Biomarkers That Correlate with Molecular Alterations" @default.
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